THE  UNIVERSITY 

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370 

No.  26-54 


»h;,  book  on  or  before  the 
fS  Dote^tamped  below. 


university  oi  llUnmsUbrar^ 


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Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2011  with  funding  from 

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http://www.archive.org/details/annotatedbibliog29odel 


OF  IHb 
ttlREIiinOFlLUIOIS 

BULLETIN  NO.  29 


BUREAU  OF  EDUCATIONAL  RESEARCH 
COLLEGE  OF  EDUCATION 

AN  ANNOTATED  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

DEALING  WITH  EXTRA-CURRICULAR 

ACTIVITIES  IN  ELEMENTARY  AND 

HIGH  SCHOOLS 

By 

Charles  W.  Odell 

Assistant  Director,  Bureau  of  Educational  Research 

Assisted  by 

John  H.  Blough 

Assistant,  Bureau  of  Educational  Research 


PRICE  50  CENTS 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS,  URBANA 

1926 


^^ 


An  Annotated  Bibliography  Dealing  With  Extra-Curricular 
Activities  in  Elementary  and  High  Schools 

The  bibliography  contained  in  this  bulletin,  although  fairly  exten- 
sive, is  by  no  means  a  complete  list  of  references  dealing  with  extra- 
curricular activities  in  elementary  and  high  schools.  Its  limitations  may 
be  described  under  the  following  four  headings:  topics  omitted,  sources 
consulted,  period  covered,  and  references  omitted. 

Material  on  a  number  of  topics  which  are  sometimes  dealt  with  in 
discussions  of  extra-curricular  activities  is  not  included  in  this  bibliog- 
raphy.    These  topics  are  as  follows: 

Work  for  which  school  credit  is  usually  given. 
Departmental  clubs  closely  connected  with  instruction  in  some 
one  subject  or  in  a  closely  related  group  of  subjects,   such  as  a 
French  club  or  a  commercial  club. 

High-school  fraternities  and  sororities. 

Clubs  and  organizations,  such  as  Boy  Scouts,  Campfire  Girls, 
the  Hi-Y,  and  others,  not  directly  connected  with  the  school. 
The  use  of  the  school  as  a  community  center  for  adults. 
The  social  life  of  pupils  outside  of  the  school  and  its  control. 
Patriotic  activities. 

Special  programs  for  such  occasions  as  Thanksgiving,  Christ- 
mas, Arbor  Day,  Education  Week,  and  so  forth. 
School  gardens. 

The  work  of  the   athletic  coach   and   his   relationship  to  the 
pupils. 

The  sources  from  which  this  bibliography  was  compiled  include  all 
educational  publications  available  at  the  Bureau  of  Educational  Re- 
search and  in  the  general  and  departmental  libraries  of  the  University 
of  Illinois.  In  the  above  statement  the  word  "educational"  is  used  in  a 
rather  technical  sense  to  refer  to  publications  which  have  as  their  chief 
purpose  dealing  with  educational  subjects.  No  attempt  was  made  to 
discover  and  include  articles  contained  in  general  publications  or  in 
those  belonging  to  other  vocations  than  education.  For  example,  no 
effort  was  made  to  find  articles  dealing  with  school  savings  banks  in 
banking  journals  nor  with  school  publications  in  journalistic  periodicals; 
although  such  publications  as  these  and  many  of  the  more  serious  of  our 

[3] 


popular  or  semi-popular  magazines  contain  articles  which  might  prop- 
erly be  listed  in  this  bibliography.  The  material  examined  included  all 
of  the  more  important  educational  periodicals,  all  of  those  which  have 
more  than  a  merely  local  circulation  and  a  considerable  number  of 
those  which  are  purely  local.  In  addition,  most  educational  books  which 
devote  any  attention  to  this  topic  were  available  and  were  examined, 
also  a  considerable  mass  of  miscellaneous  material  such  as  school  sur- 
veys and  reports,  proceedings  of  educational  associations,  United  States 
Bureau  of  Education  publications,  pamphlets  of  various  sorts,  and  so 
forth. 

The  period  covered  is  from  the  beginning  of  1920^  to  the  late 
autumn  of  1925.  There  are  two  reasons  why  this  time  limitation  was 
adopted.  The  chief  of  these  was  that  the  writers  did  not  have  available 
any  very  complete  collection  of  periodicals  and  other  material  published 
prior  to  1920.  In  the  second  place,  it  did  not  seem  worth  while  to 
attempt  to  secure  this  material  nor  to  examine  the  part  of  it  at  hand 
because  of  the  fact  that  practically  all  the  essential  ideas  contained  in 
the  discussions  of  extra-curricular  activities  written  before  1920  have 
been  repeated  in  others  published  since  that  date. 

Not  all  of  the  known  references  falling  within  the  limitations  of  the 
three  sorts  just  described  were  included.  A  number  were  omitted  be- 
cause their  contributions  were  so  slight  that  it  seemed  not  worth  while 
to  mention  them.  Most  of  these  were  very  short,  or,  if  of  considerable 
length,  scarcely  touched  upon  any  topic  included  in  this  bibliography. 
Many  of  the  references  given  in  other  bibliographies  on  this  same  sub- 
ject are  not  found  in  this  one.  In  some  cases  these  references  could  not 
be  located,  although  the  proper  periodicals  and  other  publications  were 
at  hand.  Evidently  they  were  incorrectly  given.  In  other  cases  the 
sources  were  not  available  and  the  references  were  omitted,  partly 
bcause  the  writers  desired  to  include  annotations  and  partly  because  of 
the   impossibility  of   verification. - 

The  references  included  are  classified  under  ten  heads  as  follows: 

1.  General.    This  includes  all  references  dealing  with  two  or  more 

types  of  activities. 

2.  Assemblies. 

3.  Athletics,  including  physical  play  and  recreation. 


'A  very  few  references  dated  not  more  than  two  or  three  years  before  1920  are 
included  because  of  their  unusual  value. 

''AH  references  Included  were  verified  at  two  different  *  times  in  addition  to  the 
original  listing.    In  most  cases  this  was  done  by  two  diiferent  persons. 

[4]        . 


4.  Citizenship.    This  includes  pupil  self-government  as  well  as  the 

general  development  of  good  citizenship  and  character. 

5.  Clubs  and  societies. 

6.  Finances.    This  includes  both  financial  control  of  extra-curric- 

ular activities  and  school  savings  systems. 

7.  Honor  societies. 

8.  Publications. 

9.  Social  life  in  the  narrow  sense,  including  school  parties,  dances, 

and  so  forth. 
10.  Miscellaneous. 

There  are  no  duplicate  or  cross  references,  as  all  those  which  treat 
of  more  than  one  type  of  activity  are  included  in  the  general  section. 
The  annotations  found  therein  indicate  whether  the  references  deal  with 
the  subject  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  a  general  way,  that  is,  cover 
the  whole  or  practically  the  whole  field,  or  whether  they  discuss  only  a 
few  specific  activities.  In  the  latter  case,  the  types  discussed  are 
mentioned. 

In  preparing  a  bibliography,  one  question  which  always  arises  has 
to  do  with  the  form  in  which  the  authors'  names  are  to  be  given.  Two 
methods  of  doing  this  may  be  considered  as  satisfactory,  though  prob- 
ably neither  one  is  entirely  so.  One  is  to  make  use  of  initials  only,  the 
other  to  give  the  names  as  actually  found  in  connection  with  the  articles 
referred  to.  The  former  has  the  advantage  of  uniformity  and  economy. 
In  the  present  instance,  however,  the  latter  has  been  followed.  It  has 
the  one  decided  advantage  of  referring  to  authors  by  the  forms  of  their 
names  which  in  most  cases  they  are  accustomed  to  use  and  therefore  by 
which  they  are  best  known. 


PART  I.    GENERAL 

Anderson,  W.  N.  A  Manual  for  School  Officers.  New  York:  The 
Century  Company,  1925,  p.  278-96. 

This  is  a  brief  discussion  of  social  and  athletic  activities  from  the  point  of  view 
of  the  principal.   A  constitution  for  an  athletic  association  is  given. 

Baber,  Matie  p.  "Motivating  the  outside  activities  of  a  junior  high 
school,"  Journal  of  Educational  Method,  1:112-16,  November, 
1921. 

This  relates  what  has  been  done  in  the  Enslow  Junior  High  School  of  Huntington, 
West  Virginia,  along  the  lines  indicated  by  the  title.  Social  activities  and  entertain- 
ments are  included. 


[5] 


Belting,  Paul  E.  The  Community  and  its  High  School.  New  York: 
D.  C.  Heath  and  Company,  1923,  p.  256-75. 

This  is  a  report  of  a  questionnaire  study  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  Illinois 
high  schools.  Organization,  practice,  administration  and  size  of  high  school  are  con- 
sidered. 

Bennett,  H.-Oaier.  "Developing  leadership  in  the  high  school,"  Edu- 
cation, 8:107-15,  October,  1922. 

There  should  be  enough  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  high  school  so  that  each 
student  may  develop  his  abilities.  Many  such  possible  activities  are  outlined  and  a 
system  of  allowing  points  for  extra-curricular  work  is  suggested. 

Briggs,  Thom.a.s  H.  "Extra-curricular  activities  in  junior  high  schools," 
Educational  Administration  and  Supervision,  8:1-9,  January,  1922. 

This  is  a  statement  of  the  underlying  principles  that  should  govern  extra-curricular 
activities,  with  a  discussion  of  each,  followed  by  a  short  bibliography. 

Brown,  H.  Clark.  "Non-curricular  possibilities  in  high  schools,"  High 
School  Teacher,  1:182-84,  223,  June,  1925. 

This  outlines  the  work  of  various  boys'  clubs  in  the  Geneva,  Illinois,  High  School. 
A  concrete  and  fairly  detailed  description  of  their  activities  is  given. 

Burgess,  H.  O.  "Extra-curricular  activities  in  the  William  A.  Bass 
Junior  High  School,"  Atlanta  High  School  Journal,  2:1-2,  Febru- 
ary 1,  1924. 

The  organization  and  control  of  athletics,  lunch  stands,  publications,  student  gov- 
ernment, orchestras  and  various  clubs  in  the  junior  high  school  named  in  the  title 
are  discussed. 

Cabell,  Elvira  D.  "Social  activities  of  Chicago  high  schools,"  Chicago 
Schools  Journal,  5:360-66,  May,  1923. 

This  article  discusses  not  only  social  activities  of  the  sort  usually  thought  of, 
that  is,  parties  and  entertainments,  but  also  student  self-government  and  participation 
in  school  administration,  community  service  of  various  kinds  and  many  other  student 
activities.  A  rather  elaborate  outline  of  such  activities  as  carried  on  in  the  Harrison 
Technical  High  School  is  given. 

Caldwell,  Otis  W.  "Some  factors  in  training  for  leadership."  Fourth 
Yearbook,  National  Association  of  Secondary  School  Principals, 
p.  2-13,  (1920). 

The  writer  attempts  to  depict  the  characteristics  essential  for  leadership  and  then 
shows  how  the  choosing  of  leaders  is  actually  done  in  schools.  Extra-curricular  activi- 
ties are  recommended  for  training  leaders. 

Cheney,  W.  O.  "Extra  curricula  activities  of  a  modern  high  school," 
Atlanta  High  School  Journal,  3:5-7,  October  1,  1924. 

The  plan  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  Tech  High  School  of  Atlanta  is 
briefly  outlined. 

[6] 


Clement,  John  Addison.  Curriculum  Making  in  Secondary  Schools. 
New  York:  Henry  Holt  and  Company,  1923,  p.  35,  471-847. 

A  comprehensive  discussion  of  extra-curricular  activities.  The  author  emphasizes 
the  need  for  organizing  and  administering  this  work  with  the  same  care  as  is  given  to 
currlcular  materials. 

Clink,  E.  C.  "Extra-curricular  activities  in  a  senior  high  school,"  Edu- 
cator-Journal, 24:337-40,  February,  1924. 

The  program  of  extra-curricular  activity  in  the  Richmond,  Indiana,  Senior  High 
School  Is  briefly  outlined  with  a  description  of  the  machinery  necessary  to  carry  it  out. 
There  is  also  a  preliminary  discussion  of  the  value  of  extra-curricular  activities. 

Coleman,  M.  E.  "Student  control  in  school  activities  at  Tech  High 
School  and  how  exercised,"  Atlanta  High  School  Journal,  1:1-2, 
February  5,  1923. 

This  is  a  short  discussion  of  the  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  Technical  High 
School  of  Atlanta,  Georgia.  These  activities  have  no  connection  with  student  self- 
government. 

CuBBERLEY,  Ellw^ood  P.  The  Principal  and  his  School.  Boston: 
Houghton  Mifflin  Company,  1923,  p.  543-47. 

In  this  article  Cubberley  points  out  the  advantages  of  Inter-school  contests.  He 
then  gives  ten  rules  to  be  observed  In  conducting  them. 

Davis,  Calvin  Olin.  "Collateral  activities."  Junior  High  School  Edu- 
cation. New  York:   World  Book  Company,  1924,  p.  353-72. 

The  student  activities  common  to  high  schools  are  described  and  Illustrated.  A 
theory  for  their  Inclusion  In  the  high-school  program  is  given. 

Deffenbaugh,  W.  S.    "Extra  curricular  activities."    U.  S.  Bureau  of 
■     Education  Bulletin,  1923,  No.  12.   Washington,  1923,  p.  12-14. 

This  is  a  statement  of  the  general  trend  of  extra-curricular  activities  as  discovered 
by  the  writer's  nation-wide  study  of  secondary  schools. 

Dement,  Alice  L.  "Values  in  extra-curricular  organizations  in  the  high 
school,"  School  Review,  32:40-48,  January,  1924. 

This  article  presents  results  from  a  questionnaire  sent  to  a  number  of  California 
high  schools.  The  types  of  general  organizations,  the  kinds  of  organized  activities,  the 
numbers  of  students  participating  therein,  the  costs  of  maintaining  these  activities,  and 
the  opinions  of  the  students  as  to  existing  conditions  are  discussed. 

Echols,  Silas.  "The  status  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  Illinois 
high  schools — report  of  committee."  High  School  Conference  Pro- 
ceedings, 1921.  Urbana:  University  of  Illinois,  1922,  p.  45-49. 

This  is  a  report  of  a  questionnaire  study  by  a  committee  of  the  Illinois  High 
School  Principals'  Association  of  145  Illinois  high  schools,  giving  an  enumeration  of 
activities  in  the  various  sizes  of  schools,  the  administration  and  supervision  of  activities, 
the  granting  of  credit  toward  graduation  and  the  scope  of  the  activities. 

[7] 


Evans,  William  A.    "The  place  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  junior 

high  school."    Proceedings   Fourth   Annual   Session  of  the   Ohio 

State  Educational  Conference,  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin,  Vol. 

29,  No.  2.   Columbus,  Ohio:    Ohio  State  University,  p.  290-92. 

This  is  a  short  theoretical  discussion  along  the  lines  indicated  by  the  title.  The 
writer  takes  the  viewpoint  that  extra-curricular  activities  are  fundamental  and  should 
be  given  a  place  in  the  regular  school  day. 

Falvey,   a.    "Extra-curricular   activities   in   the   continuation   school," 

Vocational  Education  Magazine,  2:415-18,  January,  1924. 

This  article  is  a  review  of  the  activities  carried  on  in  the  Syracuse  Continuation 
School  for  Girls.  Each  activity  is  for  some  educative  purpose  and  the  results  have 
been  gratifying. 

Foster,  Ch.arles  R.    Extra-curricular  Activities   in  the  High   School. 

Richmond,  Virginia:  Johnson  Publishing  Company,  1925.    222  p. 

This  volume  was  prepared  as  a  text  and  reference  book  dealing  with  extra-curric- 
ular acti\'ities  in  the  high  school.  It  discusses  all  of  the  more  important  of  such  activi- 
ties and  gives  brief  lists  of  references.  Apparently  the  activities  in  Pittsburgh  high 
schools  furnish  many  of  the  examples  given. 

Foster,  C.  R.  "The  Latimer  Junior  High  School,"  Elementary  School 
Journal,  24:279-89,  December,  1923. 

As  part  of  the  general  description  of  this  high  school  some  attention  is  given  to 
school  government,  the  school  assembly  and  other  extra-curricular  activities. 

Fowler,  Burton  P.  "The  social  organization  of  a  high  school,"  School 
and  Society,  12:396-99,  October  30,  1920. 

This  is  a  rather  general  discussion  of  the  topic  indicated  by  the  subject.  Five 
guiding  principles  are  mentioned  and  discussed  briefly. 

Fowler,  Burton  P.  "Socialization  of  the  six-year  high  school  through 
the  organization  of  student  activities."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol. 
59.  Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1921,  p.  672-73. 
Also  in  Intermountain  Educator,  16:13,  September,  1921. 

Five  principles  to  be  observed  in  the  management  of  extra-curricular  activities 
in  high  schools  are  stated. 

Freeland,  George  E.  Modern  Elementary  School  Practice.  New 
York:  The  Macmillan  Company,  1921,  p.  368-89. 

This  is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  how  to  conduct  extra-curricular  activities  in 
the  grades.    Pupil  initiative  is  emphasized. 

French,  Will.  "The  place  and  significance  of  extra-curricular  activ^i- 
ties  in  the  junior  high  school."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  51. 
Washington:  National  Education  ^Association,  1923,  p.  1001, 

This  is  a  paragraph  sho^vHng  that  the  nature  of  the  junior  high  school  demands 
that  an  important  place  be  given  to  extra-curricular  activities. 


I 


Fretwell,  Elbert  K.    "The  adviser  of  girls  and  the  extra-curricular 

activities    of   the    high    school,"    Educational    Administration    and 

Supervision,  10:71-78,  February,  1924. 

In  addition  to  discussing  the  duties  of  advisers  of  girls,  a  statement  of  principles 
which  should  govern  extra-curricular  activities  of  girls  is  given  and  a  plan  of  organizing 
such  activities  suggested. 

Fretwell,  Elbert  K.   "Extra-curricular  activities  of  secondary  schools. 

A  bibliography  of  pupil  participation  in  the  extra-curricular  life  of 

the  school,"  Teachers  College  Record,  24:60-72,  January,  1923. 

This  contains  more  than  eighty  annotated  references. 
Fretwell,  Elbert  K.    "Extra-curricular  activities  of  the  boys'   high 

schools."   Baltimore   School   Survey,  Vol.  3.    Baltimore:    Albrecht 

Company,  1921,  p.  101-10. 

This  is  a  survey  of  the  extra-curricular  activities  of  the  boys'  high  schools  of 
Baltimore.  A  comprehensive  investigation  is  reported,  following  which  are  recommenda- 
tions by  the  survey  committee. 

Garvey^  Neil  F.  "The  value  of  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  high 
school,"  High  School  Teacher,  1:310-11,  October,  1925. 

The  writer  discusses  briefly  athletics,  dramatics  and  public  speaking,  musical 
activities  and  other  student  organizations,  referring  to  both  the  values  and  the  evils. 

Glass,  James  M.    "Junior  high  school — school  activities."    University 

of  Pennsylvania  Bulletin,  Vol.  23,  No.  1.   Philadelphia:    University 

of  Pennsylvania,  1922,  p.  185-90. 

This  deals  with  the  replies  secured  to  a  questionnaire  sent  to  those  interested  in 
the  junior  high  school  throughout  the  whole  country.   Some  of  the  questions  dealt  with 
•  extra-curricular  activities.   No  statistical  tables  are  given,  but  merely  general  summaries 
of  the  returns. 

Gloss,  George.  "The  Chicago  high-school  students'  association,"  Chi- 
cago Schools  Journal,  5:9-10,  September,  1922. 

The  association  referred  to  in  the  title  has  an  interschool  society  with  aims 
having  to  do  with  athletics,  vocational  placement,  assistance  of  poor  students,  publicity 
and  other  activities  in  which  high-school  students  are  interested. 

Grote,  Caroline.  "Regulation  of  extra-curricular  activities."  N.  E.  A. 
Proceedings,  Vol.  60.  Washington:  National  Education  Associa- 
tion, 1922,  p.  752-58. 

Specific  suggestions  are  made  showing  how  extra-curricular  activities  may  be  used 
lor  the  achievement  of  each  of  the  seven  cardinal  principles  of  secondary  education. 

Hawes,  Ida  E.  "The  attendance  department — a  laboratory  of  citizen- 
ship," School  Review,  32:266-75,  April,  1924. 

In  the  Pasadena,  California,  High  School,  use  is  made  of  a  merit  system  which 
applies  to  conduct,  and  a  point  system  which  applies  to  extra-curricular  activities.  Both 
are  given  in  detail  with  some  discussion  as  to  how  they  work  in  practice. 


I 


[9] 


HoBSON,  Cloy  S.  "An  experiment  in  organization  and  administration  of 

high-school  extra-curricular  activities,"  School  Review,  31:116-24, 

February,  1923. 

The  experiment  described  was  carried  on  in  the  Kearney,  Nebraska,  High  School. 
The  constitution  is  given  in  full,  also  the  honor-point  schedule  and  other  information. 
The  plan  appears  to  have  been  satisfactory'. 

HoLCH,   A.    E'.     "Student    activities    in    the    high    school,"    Education, 
45:606-18,  June,  1925. 

The  writer  presents  in  rather  indefinite  form  the  results  from  a  questionnaire 
answered  by  thirty-two  Nebraska  and  Colorado  superintendents  and  principals.  These 
results  and  his  discussion  cover  a  rather  wide  field  of  extra-curricular  activities. 

Inglis,  Alexander.     Principles    of    Secondary    Education.     Boston: 
Houghton  Mifflin  Company,  1918,  p.  715-17. 

The  thesis  is  that  there  should  not  be  a  "sharply  dividing  line  between  education 
through  the  curriculum  and  education  through  various  activities  which  have  developed 
in  connection  with  school  hfe  apart  from  curriculum  demands." 

Johnson,  Ethel.   "Student  activities  in  the  small  high  school,"  Amer- 
ican Schoolmaster,  14:383-87,  December,  1921. 

Based  on  questionnaire  answers  from  twenty-three  schools  in  the  state  of  Michigan. 
The  number  of  activities  per  teacher  and  pupil,  the  number  of  each  sort  of  organization 
and  the  recognized  values  are  presented. 

Johnson,  Franklin  \\'.    The  Administration  and  Supervision  of  the 

High  School.   Boston:  Ginn  and  Company,  1925,  p.  150-73. 

This  is  a  thorough  discussion  of  the  principles,  forms,  and  administration  of 
extra-curricular  activities. 

JoHNSTONj  Charles  Hughes,  Newlon,  Jesse  H.,  and  Pickell,  Frank 

G.  Junior-Senior  High  School  Administration.   New  York:  Charles 

Scribner's  Sons,  1922,  p.  24L-44,  249-53. 

The  authors  mention  reasons  why  high  schools  should  provide  constructive  social 
programs  and  then  give  principles  which  should  underlie  them.  One  chapter  has  to  do 
with  the  organizing  of  athletics  and  games. 

Jones,  Gertrude.    "Three  principles  underlying  the  administration  of 

extra-curricular  activities,"  School  Review,  33:510-22,  September, 

1925. 

The  writer  states  the  three  principles  as  faculty  guidance  with  student  cooperation, 
activity  not  contributory''  to  one  of  the  objectives  of  secondary  education  and  a  definite 
uniform  system  of  handling  finance.  These  are  discussed  in  light  of  the  practices  at 
the  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  High  School.   The  article  is  very  %^iggestive. 

Kingm.an,  Charles  H.  "Extra-curricular  work  in  Illinois  high  schools," 
American  Schoolmaster,  16:83-85,  November,  1923. 

This  reports  the  findings  from  a  questionnaire  answered  by  almost  one  hundred 
and  fifty  high  schools  in  Illinois.    The  number  of  activities,  faculty  supervisors,  times 

[10] 


and  places   of   meetings,   treasurers,   extra-curricular   credits    and    social    activities   are 
all  considered. 

Koos,  Leox.\rd  W    The  Junior  High   SchooL    Xew  York:   Harcourt, 
Brace  and  Howe,  1920,  p.  167-69. 
A  brief  plea  for  careful  control  of  school  activities  by  the  faculty. 

Lamar,  Franklin  S.  "Extra-curricular  activities."  N.  E.  A.  Proceed- 
ings, Vol.  63.  Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1925, 
p.  609-14. 

A  general  discussion  advocating  extra-curricular  activities  for  the  purpose  of 
training  students  to  act  according  to  better  modes  of  behavior  outside  of  school  as  well 
as  in  school. 

Lewis,  Grace  T.    "Centralizing  student  activities  in  the  high  school," 

School  Review,  31:612-26,  October,  1923. 

This  article  presents  an  account  of  the  organization  of  student  activities  in  the 
Mt.  Vernon,  New  York,  High  School.  The  outstanding  feature  is  a  general  organiza- 
tion which  coordinates  and  to  some  extent  controls  all  student  activities.  A  rather 
detailed  outline  of  this  organization  and  how  it  operates  is  given. 

LucEY,  Michael  H.   "The  application  of  democracy  to  the  organization 

and  administration  of  the  high  school."  Educational  Administration 

and  Supervision,  10:205-11,  April,  1924. 

Most  of  this  article  is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  subject.  Near  the  close, 
however,  a  few  instances  are  cited  from  the  Julia  Richman  High  School  of  New 
York  City. 

Lull,  Herbert  G..  and  Wilson,  H.  B.  The  Redirection  of  High  School 
Instruction.  Philadelphia:  J.  B.  Lippincott  Company,  1921,  p. 
65-66,  85-89,  146-49. 

This  contains  brief  references  to  athletics,  school  senate  and  school  debating, 
giving  specific  illustrations  of  their  administration  in  schools. 

Lyman,  R.  L.    "The  Ben  Blewett  Junior  High  School  of  St.  Louis," 

School  Review,  28:26-40,  97-111,  January^  February,  1920. 

Although  this  article  is  not  primarily  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  extra-curricular 
activities,  it  refers  briefly  to  organized  play  and  athletics,  clubs  and  other  extra-class 
work. 

Lyman,  R.  L.    "The  Washington  Junior  High  School,  Rochester,  Xew 
York,"  School  Review,  28:178-204,  March,  1920. 
Minor  attention  is  given  to  several  lines  of  extra-curricalar  activity  in  this  article. 

AIcDaniel,  M.  R.  "School  morale."  Third  Yearbook  of  the  National 
Association  of  Secondary  School  Principals.  Published  by  the  Asso- 
ciation, 1920,  p.  75-80. 

This  discusses  the  place  of  cooperation,  school  assemblies,  emphasis  on  scholarship, 
athletics,  clubs  and  other  activities  in  the  development  of  general  school  morale. 


[11] 


k 


Miller,  Harry  Lloyd,  and  Hargreaves,  Richard  T.  The  Self- 
Directed  School.  New  York:  Charles  Scribner's  Sons,  1925.  p. 
312-46. 

The  theory  of  school  activities  is  considered  here  with  the  purpose  of  evaluating 
the  work  of  the  school  in  terms  of  interests  and  needs  of  the  students.  Assembly- 
programs  are  suggested  as  a  means  for  presenting  the  extra-curricular  activities  to  the 
school. 

Oliver,  M.    "High  school  organizations    and    their    administration," 
American  School  Board  Journal,  65:58-59,  October,  1922. 
In  this  article  the  chairman  of  the  committee  on  organizations  in  the  Pasadena 
high  schools  states  six  principles  adopted  in  their  high  school  to  control  student  activ- 
ities.  The  activities  are  enumerated  and  purposes  given  as  carried  out. 

Parker,   Wylie.    "Evening  thoughts   about  school   activities,"   Texas 
Outlook,  9:26,  October,  1925. 
This  is  a  short  theoretical  discussion  of  the  place  of  extra-curricular  activities. 

Patterson,  J.  R.  "The  possible  relation  of  student  activities  to  the 
social  studies  in  the  junior  high  school."  Proceedings  of  the  Third 
Annual  Educational  Conference.  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin, 
Vol.  28,  No.  2.  Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio  State  University,  1923, 
p.  391-94. 

This  argues  in  favor  of  extra-curricular  activities  because  of  their  citizenship  value 
and  advocates  that  they  be  rather  closely  connected  with  the  social  studies  carried  for 
credit. 

Patterson,  Kenneth  Roland.  "A  new  plan  for  crediting  school  ac- 
tivities," Kentucky  High  School  Quarterly,  10:15-43,  January, 
1924. 

This  Is  a  detailed  discussion  of  a  plan  by  which  regular  high-school  credit  will  be 
given  not  only  for  academic  work,  but  also  for  athletic,  forensic,  social,  artistic  and 
general  activities. 

Paul,  Francis  H.  J.  "The  value  of  extra-curricular  activities."  N.  E. 
A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  62.  Washington:  National  Education  Associa- 
tion, 1924,  p.  916-17. 

This  brief  report  discusses  how  one  high  school  uses  extra-curricular  activities  for 
the  achievement  of  desirable  habits  and  attitudes  among  the  students. 

Pore,  O.  E.    "A  county-wide  program  of  extra-curricular  activities." 
N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  62.    Washington:   National  Education 
Association,  1924,  p.  959. 
This  Is  an  argument  that  the  county  superintendent  should  supplement  the  work 

of  the  curriculum  by  other  activities  in  a  program  which  has  a  county-wide  basis. 

Pound,  Olivia.    "The  social  life  of  high  school  girls:  its  problems  and 
its  opportunities,"  School  Review,  28:50-56.   January,  1920. 
In  this  article,   attention  Is  given  to  clubs,  racial  and  social  differences,   student 

government,   and  so  forth.    Specific  examples  from  several  different  high  schools  show 

what  Is  being  done  along  some  of  these  lines. 

[12] 


Pound,  Olivia.  "Social  reconstruction  in  the  high  school,"  School  and 
Society,  14:509-13,  December  3,  1921. 

This  discusses  the  opportunities  In  both  classroom  and  extra-curricular  activities 
for  pupils  to  work  together  in  some  activity  of  common  interest.  A  number  of  refer- 
ences are  made  to  the  plan  used  in  the  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  High  School. 

Prunty,  Merle.  "Sane  and  systematic  direction  of  extra-curricular  ac- 
tivities." Sixth  Yearbook  of  the  National  Association  of  Secondary 
School  Principals.    Published  by  the  Association,  1922,  p.  1-9. 

A  description  of  the  plan  used  in  Central  High  School,  Tulsa,  Oklahoma,  in 
which  students  are  allowed  one  period  of  time  for  extra-curricular  activities,  thereby 
making  what  the  writer  calls  "a  curricular  program  of  extra-curricular  activities." 
Supervision  and  recognition  are  emphasized. 

Randall,  F.  O.  "Handling  student  activities,"  Inter-Mountain  Educa- 
tor, 16:261-62,  February,  1921. 

This  is  a  short  summary  of  the  method  of  handling  student  activities  used  in 
the  Flathead,  Montana,  High  School.  The  organization  of  the  student  council  and  the 
plan  of  financial  control  are  the  two  topics  especially  emphasized. 

RouDEBUSH,  G.  E.  "Assembly,  socialized  recitation,  and  extra-curricu- 
lar activities,"  Vocational  Education  Magazine,  2:  418-21,  January, 
1924. 

This  article  attempts  to  show  that  extra-curricular  activities  are  important  enough 
to  command  a  place  on  the  regular  school  program  and  that  they  should  be  given  some 
of  the  teachers'  and  pupils'  regular  school  time.  Numerous  suggestions  are  given  con- 
cerning several  of  the  activities. 

Seale,  E.  C.  "Students'  activities  as  related  to  the  course  of  study." 
Proceedings  of  the  Fourth  Annual  Session  of  the  Ohio  State  Edu- 
cational Conference.  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin,  Vol.  29,  No.  2. 
Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio  State  University,  p.  180-84. 

The  result  of  a  survey  of  the  extra-curricular  activities  participated  in -by  one 
thousand  rural  and  village  high-school  students  Is  given.  It  Is  shown  that  there  Is  a 
definite  tendency  for  students  who  participate  in  many  extra-curricular  activities  to  give 
less  time  to  their  regular  work. 

Skinner,  Avery  W.  "The  limitations  which  should  be  set  upon  the 
small  high  school  with  respect  to  its  extra-curricula  activities,"  High 
School  Quarterly,  8:146-51,  April,  1925. 

The  writer  summarizes  his  views  on  the  subject  into  four  general  principles.  Also 
he  states  seven  rules  which  should  guide  the  supervision  of  such  activities. 

Stevens,  Romiett.    "The  extra-curricular  activities  of  the  two  girls' 

high  schools."    Baltimore   School   Survey.    Baltimore,   Maryland: 

Albrecht  Company,  1921,  p.  90-100. 

This  is  a  survey  of  the  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  girls'  high  schools  of  Bal- 
timore. A  comprehensive  Investigation  Is  reported  following  which  are  recommenda- 
tions by  the  survey  committee. 

[13] 


Vaughan,  T.  H.   "A  point  system  and  record  card  for  extra-curricular 

activities,"  School  and  Society,  16:745-47,  December  30,  1922. 

The  system  described  herein  is  in  use  in  the  Winfield,  Kansas,  High  School.  Its 
operation  is  described  briefly. 

Van  Denburg,  Joseph  K.  The  Junior  High  School  Idea.  Xew  York: 
Henry  Holt  and  Company,  1922,  p.  215-19,  327-53. 

This  tells  of  methods  used  in  the  Speyer  Experimental  Junior  High  School  in  New 
York  City  for  motivating  and  administering  school  work,  extra-curricular  activities  and 
for  emphasizing  moral  responsibility. 

Voy  DoNHOFF,  Ida,  et  al.  "Xew  materials  for  the  junior  high  schools. 
A.  Projects  concerned  with  school  activities  and  interests."  Twen- 
tieth Yearbook  of  the  National  Society  for  the  Study  of  Education, 
Part  I.  Bloomington,  Illinois:  Public  School  Publishing  Company, 
1921,  p.  118-34. 

This  consists  of  a  series  of  short  discussions  of  such  activities  as  a  civics  club, 
installation  of  electric  bulbs,  a  school  magazine,  printing  a  school  paper,  class-day 
exercises,  a  better  speech  crusade,  a  play  for  a  Halloween  party,  and  so  on. 

Ward,  R.  W.  "The  development  and  control  of  extra-curriculum  ac- 
tivities among  girls."  Eighth  Yearbook  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Secondary  Principals.  Published  by  the  Association,  1924, 
p.  62-65. 

The  plan  is  presented  as  used  in  Mount  Clemens  High  School,  Michigan.    All  girls 
are  induced  to  take  part  in  many  activities.   Attractive  awards  are  offered. 

Wilson,  Ella  Ehmsen.  "The  Girls'  League  as  an  agency  in  the  edu- 
cation of  high-school  girls,"  School  Review,  33:208-19,  March, 
1925. 

The  Girls'  League  exists  in  the  Franklin  High  School  of  Portland,  Oregon.  Its 
constitution  is  given  in  full,  followed  by  an  outline  of  how  it  operates.  This  includes 
the  committees,  initiation  ceremony  and  a  list  of  its  accomplishments. 

Winner.  H.  E.  "The  place  and  value  of  extra-curricular  activities  in 
the  high  school."  X.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  \'ol.  61.  Washington: 
National  Education  Association,  1923,  p.  1021-23. 

The  title  suggests  the  content  of  this  article.  In  the  Pittsburgh  High  School  there 
is  an  activity  period  which  proves  valuable  since  it  allows  time  for  activities  without 
encroaching  on  the  regular  school  work. 

Winner,  H.  E.  "The  place  and  value  of  extra-curricular  activities  in 
the  high  school."  Seventh  Yearbook  of  the  National  Association  of 
Secondary  School  Principals.  Published  by  the  Association,  1923, 
p.  88-92.' 

This  is  .a  theoretical  discussion,  the  contents  of  which  are  denoted  by  the  title. 
Extra-curricular  activities  should  grow  out  of  felt  needs. 

[U] 


Wise,  J.  Hooper,  and  Roemer,  Joseph.    A  study  of  extra-curricular 

activities  in  the  public  high  schools  of  Florida.   University  Record, 

Vol.  20,  June,   1925.    Gainesville,  Florida:   University  of  Florida, 

Teachers  College.    198  p. 

The  authors  explain,  '"This  study  is  an  attempt  to  find  out  the  status  of  extra- 
curricular activities  in  the  high  schools  of  Florida."  A  questionnaire  was  used  from 
which  statistics  are  compiled.   Practices  in  a  few  high  schools  are  given  in  detail. 

"Extra  Curricular  Activities."  Report  of  the  Survey  of  the  Public 
Schools  of  Philadelphia,  Book  4.  Philadelphia:  The  Public  Educa- 
tion and  Child  Labor  Association  of  Pennsylvania,  1922,  Ch.  4. 

This  is  a  fifty  page  report  dealing  with  extra-curricular  activities  in  the  Phila- 
delphia high  schools.  The  status  of  home  rooms,  class  organizations,  teacher  advisers, 
school  teams,  school  dances,  assemblies,  publications,  clubs,  musical  organizations  and 
excursions  is  discussed  and  a  brief  list  of  recommendations  concerning  each  given. 

"Extra-curricular  activities  in  high  schools,"  American  Educational 
Digest,  44:389-92,  415-16,  May,  1925. 

This  contains  a  brief  summary  of  facts  from  over  one  thousand  high  schools 
showing  how  many  have  each  of  a  long  list  of  extra-curricular  activities.  In  addition, 
there  are  quotations  from  letters  written  by  six  or  eight  principals  which  discuss  out- 
standing achievements  and  problems. 

"List  of  references  on  student  self-government  and  the  honor  system." 

U.  S.  Bureau  of  Education  Library  Leaflet  No.  31.    Washington, 

1925.  6  p. 

This  contains  a  list  of  about  one  hundred  references,  a  few  of  which  have  brief 
annotations. 

"Some  of  the  high  lights  of  the  Fretwell  report  on  the  high  school  sur- 
vey on  extra-curricular  activities,"  News  Letter,  18:4,  Aiay,  1922, 

This  summarizes  the  recommendations  made  by  Dr.  Fretwell.  showing  his  survey 
of  the  extra-curricular  activities  of  the  Philadelphia  high  schools.  The  recommendations 
cover  athletics,  assemblies,  clubs,  social  activities,  self-government,  publications,  and 
other  lines. 

"Thirty-fourth  Biennial  Report  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Listruc- 
tion  of  State  of  Illinois."  Springfield,  Illinois:  Department  of  Pub- 
lic Instruction,  1922,  p.  67,  478-84. 

A  brief  description  is  given  of  the  LaSalle  High  School  extra-curricular  activities 
and  their  importance  to  the  pupils  and  the  community.  A  constitution  of  a  typical 
agriculture  club  is  given,  together  with  an  enumeration  of  activities  of  the  club  such  as 
Father  and  Son  Banquet,  and  so  forth. 

PART  2.    ASSEMBLIES 

Beal,  Vinora.  "The  high  school  assembly  problem,"  American  School- 
master, 18:27-32,  January,  1925. 

This  article  centers  about  what  is  done  in  the  Normal  High  School  at  Ypsilanti, 
Michigan.    A  rather  detailed  account  of  the  different  programs  presented  is  given. 

[  15  ] 


Evans,  Evan  E.    "What  to  do  with  the  high  school  assembly,"  School 

Review,  31:282-86,  April,  1923. 

The  current  practices  of  high  schools  in  Kansas  are  summarized  in  this  article. 
Tables  are  given  showing  the  frequency  of  assemblies,  their  length  and  the  total  time 
given  to  them.  The  most  valuable  part  of  the  article,  however,  has  to  do  with  the 
programs  given  and  includes  both  a  summary'  for  all  the  schools  and  somewhat  detailed 
statements  from  about  fifteen  of  them. 

Fretwell,  Elbert  K.  "The  Assembly."  Sixth  Yearbook  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Secondary  School  Principals.  Published  by 
the  Association,  1922,  p.  147-54. 

The  assembly  should  be  socialized  by  having  student  participation,  and  having  the 
program  "grow  out  of  a  regular  class  of  extra-curricular  activities." 

Fretwell,  Elbert  K.  "Extra-curricular  activities  of  secondary  schools. 
A  bibliography  of  high  school  assemblies,"  Teachers  College  Rec- 
ord, 25:61-69,  January,  1924. 

In  addition  to  a  list  of  about  twenty  annotated  references,  there  is  a  general  dis- 
cussion of  the  topic  and  a  brief  report  of  what  is  being  done  in  North  Central  Associ- 
ation high  schools  along  this  line. 

Leach,  H.  W.  "'The  high-school  assembly  period."  Proceedings  of  the 
Second  Annual  Educational  Conference.  Ohio  State  University 
Bulletin,  Vol.  27,  No.  16.  Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio  State  University, 
1923,  p.  259-68. 

This  includes  both  a  general  discussion  of  high-school  assemblies  and  an  account 
of  the  assembly  activities  in  the  Marietta,  Ohio,  High  School.  The  formal  paper  is 
followed  by  a  report  of  the  discussion. 

Probst,  Ella  M.  "The  school  assembly  as  a  socializing  influence," 
American  Education,  26:401-08,  May,  1923. 

The  writer  discusses  the  change  in  the  kind  of  programs  given  at  school  assem- 
blies, going  into  modern  practices  in  some  detail  and  giving  a  number  of  concrete  illus- 
trations. The  point  is  emphasized  that  pupil  participation  should  be  encouraged  and 
thereby  school  spirit  and  democracy  developed. 

Rush,  Benjamin  Charles.  "Auditorium  exercises  in  the  high  school." 
Proceedings  of  the  High  School  Principals'  Conference,  Vol.  1. 
Bloomington,  Indiana:  Indiana  University,  November.  1923,  p. 
58-70. 

The  results  of  a  questionnaire  answered  by  almost  two  hundred  high  schools  in 
nine  different  states  are  discussed  in  this  article.  No  tabulations  are  presented  but 
the  practices  in  these  schools  are  summarized,  also  some  material  given  as  to  size  and 
equipment  of  auditoriums,  and  so  forth. 

Weck,  Frederick  W.    "The  auditorium  in  the  Gary  schools,"  Chicago 
Schools  Journal,  7:376-79,  June,  1925. 
This  is  a  general  account  of  the  auditorium  activities  in  Gary. 

[16] 


"Improving    high    school    assemblies,"    American    Educational    Digest, 

43:51-53,  82-83,  October,  1923. 

This  Is  a  summary  of  suggestions  for  improving  assemblies,  made  by  more  than 
five  hundred  school  executives.  It  includes  both  actual  and  suggested  practices.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  tabulations,  many  quotations  are  given. 

PART  3.    ATHLETICS 

Abbett,  J.  Merle.  "The  relation  of  high  school  athletics  to  the  high 
school."  Proceedings  of  High  School  Principals'  Conference,  Vol.  1. 
Bloomington,  Indiana:  Indiana  University,  November,  1923,  p. 
82-85. 

A  discussion  of  the  proper  plan  of  athletics  in  the  high  school  is  followed  by  sug- 
gestions as  to  the  values  to  be  derived  therefrom. 

Broome,  Edwin  W.    "The  place  of  physical  education  in  the  country 

school   program."    N.   E.  A.   Proceedings,   Vol.   60.    Washington: 

National  Education  Association,  1922,  p.  1088-91. 

This  is  a  description  of  a  program  of  athletics  in  one  and  two-room  rural  schools 
in  a  Maryland  community,  whereby  they  cooperate  with  each  other  and  with  a  high 
school  in  maintaining  athletics  for  the  purposes  of  health  and  an  athletic  meet. 

Brown,  Everett  C.    "The   Chicago  Public  School  Athletic  League," 

Chicago  Schools  Journal,  3:172-74,  February,  1921. 

This  states  the  purpose  and  aims  of  the  Chicago  Public  School  Athletic  League, 
also  the  means  by  which  these  are  carried  out. 

Chase,  Daniel.  "The  fourth  'R'  In  the  rural  school,"  Normal  Instruc- 
tor and  Primary  Plans,  31:44,  87-89,  September,  1922. 

A  discussion  of  the  need  for  recreation  in  connection  with  the  rural  schools  is 
followed  by  some  statements  as  to  what  Is  being  done  along  that  line. 

Chase,  Daniel.  "High  school  athletics,"  New  York  State  Education, 
12:464-69,  March,  1925. 

The  organization  of  state-wide  athletic  activities  among  the  high  schools  of 
New  York  is  discussed.  The  history  and  present  status  of  the  movement  are  both 
described. 

Chase,  Daniel.  "Rural  group  athletics  and  what  It  means."  N.  E.  A. 
Proceedings,  Vol.  60.  Washington:  National  Education  Associa- 
tion, 1922,  p.  1085-88. 

A  scheme  used  in  New  York  for  rural  school  athletics  is  explained.  Eighty  percent 
of  pupils  in  each  school  participated;  no  equipment  was  used;  results  were  gratifying. 

Clark,  Lydia.  "Athletic  associations  for  high  school  girls,"  Child-Wel- 
fare Magazine,  17:48-49,  October,  1922. 

This  is  a  short  plea  that  high-school  girls  be  given  a  chance  for  athletic  activities, 
with  a  few  suggestions  as  to  administering  such  activities. 

[17] 


Clark,  Lydia.  "Illinois  League  of  High  School  Girls'  Athletic  Associa- 
tions," American  Physical  Education  Review,  26:138-42,  201-04, 
March  and  April,  1921. 

This  describes  the  organization  of  the  Illinois  League  of  High  School  Girls' 
Athletic  Associations.  It  enumerates  the  activities  for  which  points  are  given,  the 
standards  required  in  each  and  the  number  of  points  given. 

Cline,  E.  C.  "School  athletics,"  Journal  of  the  National  Education 
Association,  13  :  170-71,  May,  1924. 

The  writer  lists  three  aims  which  justify  high-school  athletics,  discusses  the  most 
common  evils  which  result  from  them,  and  closes  by  suggesting  how  the  evils  may  be 
abolished  and  the  aims  achieved. 

Garside,  B.  a.  "A  track-meet  for  the  whole  school,"  Educational  Re- 
view (China),  16:289-98,  July,  1924. 

This  is  an  account  of  a  track  meet  held  in  an  academy  in  China.  The  object  of 
the  track  meet  was  to  secure  the  participation  of  those  of  all  degrees  of  ability. 

GoovER,  G.  D.  "High  school  athletics,"  High  School  Journal,  7:36-39, 
February,  1924. 

This  Is  a  discuslson  of  how  high-school  extra-curricular  activities  should  be 
organized.  A  list  of  the  proper  officers  and  managers  Is  given  with  a  brief  sketch  of  the 
duties  of  each,  and  also  a  discussion  of  the  budget. 

Griffiths,  John  L.  "A  sane  program  of  competitive  athletics."  Eighth 
Yearbook  of  the  National  Association  of  Secondary  School  Prin- 
cipals.  Published  by  the  Association,  1924,  p.  148-51. 

A  general  discussion  of  the  responsibility  of  those  who  have  charge  of  school 
athletics,  and  also  of  the  Ideals  toward  which  schools  should  strive  in  their  athletics. 

Holmes,  Arthur.  "Moral  aspects  of  physical  education."  N.  E.  A. 
Proceedings,  Vol.  59.  Washington:  National  Education  Association, 
1921,  p.  518-19. 

A  brief  outline  of  how  moral  values  may  result  from  proper  physical  education. 

How^E,  C.  M.  "The  high-school  teacher  and  athletics,"  School  Review, 
31:781-86,  December,  1923. 

This  article  discusses  the  curtailing  or  elimination  of  certain  evils  which  have 
arisen  In  interscholastic  athletics.  Also  the  part  to  be  played  by  teachers  and  the 
proper  kinds  of  Interest  for  them  to  manifest  are  discussed. 

Hull,  J.  D.  "A  comparison  of  the  grades  and  intelligence  quotients  of 
athletes  and  non-athletes  in  high  school,"  American  School  Board 
Journal,  69:44,  107-09,  August,  1924. 

The  data  presented  are  for  the  Sullivan,  Indiana.  High  School  students.  They 
show  that  the  I.  Q.'s  of  the  athletes  average  slightly  higher  than  those  of  the  non- 
athletes,  and  that  their  school  marks  also  are  superior. 

[18] 


Johnson,  George  E.   "Education  through  recreation."    Cleveland:  The 

Survey  Committee  of  the  Cleveland  Foundation,  1916,   94  p. 

A  comprehensive  study  of  recreation  through  athletics,  play  and  dramatics,  based 
on  a  survey  of  the  Cleveland  schools.  It  contains  many  valuable  suggestions  for  other 
schools. 

Johnson,  George  E.  "The  Cleveland  School  Survey  (Summary  Vol- 
ume)." Cleveland:  The  Survey  Committee  of  the  Cleveland  Foun- 
dation, 1917,  p.  243-57. 

This  article  is  merely  a  condensed  form  of  Volume  6  of  the  same  survey. 

King,    I.   F.     "Grades     of     athletes,"    Alichigan     Education    Journal, 

2:348-49,  February,  1925. 

This  presents  the  results  of  tabulating  the  grades  of  over  six  thousand  boys  in 
several  Michigan  high  schools,  according  to  whether  they  were  athletes  or  not.  It  is 
shown  that  the  average  marks  of  the  athletes  are  slightly  higher. 

Maloy,  William  Miles.    "Athletics  and  their  value  for  citizenship — 

Abstract."    N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  62.   Washington:  National 

Education  Association,  1924,  p.  641-42. 

In  Maryland,  a  state  appropriation  was  made  to  finance  athletic  contests  between 
the  more  distant  and  diverse  elements  of  the  state,  among  which  were  the  Angio-Saxon, 
the  Germans,  and  the  cosmopolitan  population  in  Baltimore.  Through  a  period  of  ten 
years,  athletics  on  this  basis  proved  a  valuable  factor  in  integrating  the  diverse  peoples. 

Nash,  Jay  B.  "The  relation  of  public  playgrounds  and  recreation  cen- 
ters to  our  national  ideals  of  democracy."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings, 
Vol.  59.  Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1921,  p. 
519-21. 

The  playground  should  be  made  a  place  for  developing  citizenship  as  well  as 
physical  efficiency.  It  should  be  open  and  supervised  for  children  during  vacation  as 
well  as  throughout  the  year. 

North,  Samuel  M.  "Athletics  in  high  school."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings, 
Vol.  62.  Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1924,  p. 
644-47. 

This  is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  physical,  social  and  moral  achievements  of 
high-school  athletics  as  a  positive  influence  in  the  development  of  students. 

Orem,  Nicholas.  "Rural  school  athletics — Abstract."  N.  E.  A.  Pro- 
ceedings, Vol.  62.  Washington:  National  Education  Association, 
1924,  p.  639-41. 

This  is  an  attempt  to  compare  rural  or  grade  athletics  with  high-school  athletics 
in  respect  to  aim,  need,  opportunity  and  methods  employed.  The  article  is  general  in 
nature. 

Pe.arce,  Palmer  E.  "Athletics  and  education,"  The  High  School  Quar- 
terly, 12:19-27,  October,  1923. 

The  place  of  competitive  athletics  in  both  high  schools  and  colleges  is  discussed. 
Some  general  suggestions  and  guiding  principles  are  given. 

[19] 


Pearse,  C.  G.   "Sports  to  build  bodies."   N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  58. 

Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1920,  p.  83-84, 

This  article  defines  the  task  to  be  accomphshed  by  the  school  through  athletics  in 
raising  the  health  status  of  our  citizenry. 

Perrin,  Ethel.  "Girls'  athletics — Abstract."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings, 
Vol.  62.  Washington:  National  Education  Association,  1924,  p. 
643-44. 

A  very  brief  account  of  the  need  for  organized  athletics  for  women  and  of  how 
the  Woman's  Division  of  the  National  Amateur  Athletic  Federation  came  into  being. 

Perry,  Clarenxe  Arthur.  Wider  Use  of  the  School  Plant.  New 
York:  Survey  Associates,  Inc.,  1910,  p.  291-323. 

This  article  tells  how  an  athletic  league  was  developed  among  the  grade  children 
of  New  York  City  schools. 

Peterson,  Russell  S.  "A  difference  of  viewpoint,"  American  School 
Board  Journal,  71:43-44,  September,  1925. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  supposed  experiences  of  a  superintendent  and  a 
coach  whose  chief  interest  was  not  the  winning  of  games. 

Peterson,  Russell  S.  "The  regulation  of  high  school  athletics,"  Amer- 
ican School  Board  Journal,  67:34,  127,  November,  1923. 

Many  details  of  the  working  of  the  Minnesota  High  School  Athletic  Association 
are  given.  Tliese  include  eligibility  requirements,  local  control,  form  of  contract  used, 
type  of  physical  examination,  and  so  forth. 

St.  John,  L.  W.  "A  sane  program  of  physical  education  and  athletics 
in  a  modern  high  school."  Proceedings  of  the  Third  Annual  Ohio 
State  Educational  Conference.  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin, 
Vol.  28,  No.  2.  Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio  State  University,  1923, 
p.  353-57. 

This  briefly  outlines  a  program  of  both  inter-scholastic  and  Intermural  athletics. 

Sowers,  Frank.    "Too  much  athletics?"    High  School  Teacher,  1:309, 

October,  1925. 

A  discussion  of  the  amount  of  time  and  attention  devoted  to  athletics  is  followed 
by  a  consideration  of  its  value  and  the  conclusion  that  athletics  should  receive  more 
attention. 

Stout,  E.  J.   "Are  we  supervising  the  athletic  program  in  the  schools," 

American  Educational  Digest,  44:490-92,  July,  1925. 

The  writer  raises  a  question  as  to  whether  or  not  school  authorities  really  manage 
and  control  high-school  athletics.  Further  he  discusses  the  question  of  how  many 
pupils  participate. 

SwANSON,  A.  M.    "The  effect  on  high-school  scholarship  of  pupil  par- 
ticipation in  extra-curricular  activities,"  School  Review,  32:613-26, 
October,  1924. 
A   theoretical   discussion   of   the   subject   is  followed   by   data   for   a   number   of 

students  in  Kansas  City  high  schools.   The  relation  between  intelligence  test  scores  and 

[20] 


participation  in  extra-curricular  activities,  as  well  as  that  between  high-school  marks 
and  such  participation  is  dealt  with. 

Staley^  Seward  C.  "The  program  of  sportsmanship  education."  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  Bulletin,  Vol.  21,  No.  49,  Bureau  of  Educational 
Research  Circular  No.  28.  Urbana:  University  of  Illinois,  1924. 
27  p. 

This  discusses  the  development  of  ideals  and  habits  of  sportsmanship  and  gives  an 
athletic  honor  code  and  a  number  of  quotations  from  others  dealing  with  the  same 
general  subject. 

Templeton,  Payne.  "A  plea  for  athletic  sanity,"  Inter-Mountain  Edu- 
cator, 18:299-303,  May,  1923. 

This  is  a  plea  that  the  prominence  of  inter-scholastic  athletics  be  reduced,  and 
that  athletics  assume  a  subordinate  place  in  the  high  school.  It  applies  especially  to 
the  situation  in  Montana. 

Templeton,  Payne,  and  Ward,  Fred  J.  "The  athletic  compass,"  Amer- 
ican School  Board  Journal,  69:45-46,  138,  141,  September,  1924. 

The  writers  protest  against  the  fact  that  athletics  have  become  so  all-important 
in  high  school. 

Trester,  a.  L.  "The  answer  to  high  school  athletics,"  Educator-Jour- 
nal, 24:7-11,  September,  1923. 

The  program  of  the  Indiana  High  School  Athletic  Association  is  outlined  with 
some  discussion  of  its  meaning  and  of  the  proper  scope  of  high-school  athletics. 

Trester,  Arthur  L.    "Symposium  on  high  school  athletics."    Proceed- 
ings of  High  School  Principals'  Conference,  Vol.  1.    Bloomington, 
Indiana:    Indiana  University,  November,  1923,  p.  80-81. 
A  short  discussion  of  the  problems  and  needs  in  Indiana  high-school  athletics. 

Trusler,  Harry  R.    "State  high  school  athletic  association,"  American 
School  Board  Journal,  70:40,  June,  1925. 
This  is  a  very  brief  discussion  dealing  chiefly  with  legal  aspects  of  the  problem. 

Wicker,  Harold  W.    "The  intersectional  and  post-season  battle  as  a 

menace  to  athletic  games,"  School  and  Society,  19:704-06,  June  14, 

1924. 

This  article  refers  largely  to  the  situation  in  colleges  and  universities  but  also 
deals  with  that  in  high  schools.  The  point  of  view  is  taken  that  intersectional  and 
post-season  athletic  contests  should  be  abolished. 

Whitten,  C.  W.  "The  athletic  ideals  of  the  Illinois  High  School  Ath- 
letic Association."  Proceedings  of  the  High  School  Conference  of 
November  23,  24,  and  25,  1922.  Urbana:  University  of  Illinois, 
1923,  p.  60-67. 

Not  only  the  ideals  but  also  the  practical  necessities  of  high-school  athletics  are 
discussed.  The  benefits  to  be  derived  therefrom,  the  means  of  support,  the  emphasis 
to  be  placed  thereon  and  other  phases  are  mentioned. 

[21] 


Whitten,  C.  W.  "Interscholastic  athletics  and  their  management." 
Eighth  Yearbook  of  the  National  Association  of  Secondary  School 
Principals.   Published  by  the  Association,  1924,  p.  152-59. 

This  article  calls  attention  to  the  problems  in  the  management  of  athletics  arising 
out  of  local  habits  and  practices.  The  article  is  based  largely  on  the  author's  experi- 
ences with  Illinois  high  schools. 

Written,  C.  W.    "The  place  of  interscholastic  athletics  on  the  high 

school  program."    N.  E.  A.   Proceedings,  Vol.  63.    Washington: 

National  Education  Association,  1925. 

The  author  discusses  the  arguments  against  interscholastic  sports.  He  considers 
that  they  justify  the  place  they  hold  in  our  educational  programs  by  their  outcomes 
"to  be  found  in  the  realms  of  social  control  and  ethics." 

WiLCE,  J.  W.  "A  few  suggestions  for  the  improvement  of  interscholastic 
athletics  in  Ohio."    Proceedings  of  the  Second  Annual  Educational 
Conference.    Ohio  State  University  Bulletin,  Vol.  27,  No.  16.    Co- 
lumbus, Ohio:    Ohio  State  University,  1923,  p.  339-41. 
This  is  merely  a  summary  of  the  complete  talk  given  by  Mr.  Wilce. 

WiLCE,  J.  W.  "Ohio  high-school  athletics."  Proceedings  of  the  Fourth 
Annual  Educational  Conference.  Ohio  State  University  Bulletin, 
Vol.  29,  No.  2.  Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio  State  University,  1924, 
p.  252-56. 

This  article  deals  with  abuses  of  the  rules  of  the  Ohio  Interscholastic  Association 
and  possible  objectives  for  high-school  athletics,  then  it  concludes  by  giving  suggestions 
as  to  how  to  improve  the  situation  in  Ohio. 

Wright,  F.  L.  "The  place  of  athletics  in  the  curriculum,"  Education, 
44:299-307,  January,  1924. 

The  writer  of  this  article  criticizes  rather  unfavorably  the  present  condition  of 
athletics  in  public  schools  and  suggests  that  they  should  eventually  become  a  part  of  the 
regular  curriculum. 

Yost,  Fielding  H.  "Educational  aims  in  competitive  athletics,"  Amer- 
ican Educational  Digest,  44:437-39,  460-61,  June,  1925. 

The  writer  discusses  competitive  athletics  from  the  standpoint  of  ideals  of  per- 
fection, development  of  citizenship,  the  coach,  detracting  influences  and  sportsmanship. 

"High-school  athletics,"  School  Review,  32:570-72,  October,  1924. 

This  is  a  rather  brief  comment  on  certain  evils  which  are  more  or  less  prevalent 
in  high-school  athletics.    The  practice  of  pre-season  coaching  is  particularly  criticized. 

"New  York  state  association  of  public  high  school  basket-ball  leagues," 

American  Physical  Education  Review,  27:336-37,  September,  1922. 

This  states  the  purpose  of  the  New  York  State  Association  of  Public  High  School 
Basketball  Leagues,  with  its  chief  rules  as  to  membership,  eligibility,  conducting  game.s 
and  tournaments,  election  and  duties  of  officers,  and  so  forth. 

[22] 


"Report  of  committee  on  inter-scholastic  athletics,"  High  School  Quar- 
terly, 12:99-108,  January,  1924. 

This  is  the  report  of  a  committee  of  the  Association  of  Colleges  and  Secondary 
Schools  of  the  Southern  States  on  interscholastic  athletics.  The  larger  part  of  the 
report  consists  of  facts  as  to  high-school  athletic  associations  in  the  various  states 
included  in  the  association.   There  is  also  some  discussion  of  the  topic. 

PART  4.    CITIZENSHIP 

Adams,  John.   "The  economics  of  the  new  education,"  School  and  So- 
ciety, 19:683-86,  June  14,  1924. 

This  is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  certain  systems  of  education  which  touch  upon 
student  government.  It  is  considered  from  the  angle  of  relieving  the  teachers  of  re- 
sponsibility. 

Almack,  John  C.    Education  for  Citizenship.   Boston:  Houghton  Mif- 
flin Company,  1924,  p.  70-71,  120,  156,  185. 

The  viewpoint  of  this  writer  is  that  extra-curricular  activities  should  grow  out 
of  the  school  work  and  have  a  practical  value.    Specific  suggestions  are  given. 

Archer,  C.  P.    "School  government  as  an  educative  agency,"   School 

Review,  3 1 :  43  0-3  8,  June,  1 923 . 

This  article  gives  and  discusses  data  derived  from  questionnaire  answers  by  sixty- 
two  principals  of  Iowa  high  schools.  Brief  references  are  also  made  to  a  number  of 
other  studies.    Following  these  is  some  general  discussion. 

Bagley,  William   Chandler.    Classroom   Management.    New  York: 

The  Macmlllan  Company,  1917,  p.  290-98. 

A  charter  adopted  by  the  Arsenal  School,  City  of  Hartford,  Connecticut,  is  given 
in  full,  followed  by  a  short  description  of  how  student  government  worked. 

Bemis,  F.  Perl.    "Putting  things  across  in  high  school,"  Progressive 
Teacher,  27:24-25,  May,  1921. 

The  value  of  a  student  council  in  securing  student  cooperation  in  activities  is 
discussed.  The  help  given  by  the  council  in  various  sorts  of  projects  is  mentioned. 

Br.adley,  J.  H.    "Practicing  citizenship  in  Lindsay  High  School,"  Edu- 
cational Administration  and  Supervision,  9:120-24,  February,  1923. 

The  plan  used  in  the  Lindsay,  California,  High  School  has  as  one  of  its  elements 
the  classification  of  pupils  into  three  groups  on  the  basis  of  the  quality  of  their  school 
citizenship.    A  brief  description  of  the  whole  plan  is  given. 

Briggs,  Thomas  H.   The  Junior  High  School.   New  York:    Houghton 
Mifflin  Company,  1920,  p.  248-53. 

Illustrations  of  self-government  in  junior  high  schools  are  given.  The  author  con- 
cludes that  responsibility  is  gradually  being  extended  to  the  pupils  in  intermediate 
schools. 

Chewning,  J.  O.    "Student  self-government."    N.  E.  A.  Proceedings, 
Vol.  63.    Washington:    National   Education  Association,    1925,   p. 

[23] 


737-42.    Also  in  American  Education,  28:450-54,  June,   1925  and 

Chicago  Schools  Journal,  8:9-13,  September,  1925. 

The  plan  in  use  at  the  Evansville,  Indiana,  Central  High  School  is  described. 
Apparently  it  is  very  successful.   There  is  also  some  general  discussion  of  the  topic. 

Crossley,  a.  L.  ''Applied  civics  at  Bushwick  High  School,"  Bulletin  of 

High  Points,  4:13-16,  March,  1922. 

This  is  an  account  of  the  organization  of  a  Civic  League  among  the  students  in 
a  high  school  in  New  York  City.  The  purpose  of  this  league  was  not  primarily  to  have 
student  self-government  but  to  assist  in  the  administration  of  the  school.  A  Traffic 
Squad  also  was  organized. 

Davis,  Calvin  O.    "Citizenship  and  the  high  school,"  Educational  Re- 
view, 61:214-23,  March,  1921. 

Only  the  latter  half  of  this  article  has  to  do  with  extra-curricular  activities.  The 
school  assembly,  dramatics  and  pageantr>^,  and  visitation  of  local  things  of  interest  by 
the  students  are  ad\'ocated  for  their  contribution  to  citizenship. 

HoAGLAXD,  H.  \V.    ''Student  government,"  News  Letter,  17:3-4,  May, 

1921. 

This  outlines  a  plan  of  student  government  in  use  in  the  West  Philadelphia  High 
School  for  Boys  for  a  number  of  years. 

HoRST,  H.  M.    ''Student  participation  in  high-school  responsibilities," 

School  Review,  32:342-55,  May,  1924. 

The  plan  by  which  students  in  the  West  High  School  of  Akron,  Ohio,  share  in 
the  school  responsibilities  is  described  at  some  length.  There  are  student  advisers,  tu- 
tors, leaders  for  civic  and  vocational  trips  and  committees  on  lost  and  stolen  articles, 
supplementary-  work,  lawns,  conservation  of  lights,  comparison  of  grades,  tardiness,  school 
spirit,  wage-earning  pupils  and  human  relations. 

Jacksox,  Xelsox  a.   "Pupil  government  in  secondary  schools,"  Educa- 
tion, 42:197-210,  December,  1921. 

In  this  article  is  to  be  found  a  short  history  of  pupil  self-government,  followed 
by  the  presentation  of  the  results  of  a  questionnaire  answered  by  eighty-five  public 
and  private  secondary  schools  of  thirty-one  states.  A  number  of  quotations  are  given 
as  to  the  degree  of  success  of  pupil  self-government,  the  methods  of  operation,  and 
so  forth. 

Johnston,  Laura  M.    "Pupil  participation  in  administering  the  junior 

high  school,"  Elementary  School  Journal,  22:615-20,  April,  1922. 

The  plan  used  in  the  junior  high  school  of  the  State  Normal  School  at  Oshkosh, 
Wisconsin,  is  described.  The  pupils  are  organized  into  a  school  city  with  more  or  less 
the  same  departments  of  government  to  be  found  in  an  ordinary  city. 

Jones,  H.  W.    "Student  cooperation  in  school  government,"  School  and 

Society,  13:251-57,  February  26,  1921. 

This  gives  a  list  of  reasons  why  the  participation  of  high-school  students  in 
school  government  has  frequently  failed,  also  an  account  of  the  system  of  student  and 
faculty  cooperation  in  the  high  school  of  Walla  Walla,  Washington.  The  system  there 
deals  with  school  discipline  rather  than  with  extra-curricular  activities. 

[24] 


Hayden,  Floyd.  "Democracy  in  high-school  government,"  School  Re- 
view, 30:187-92,  March,  1922. 

The  gradual  development  of  a  form  of  student-faculty  cooperative  government  in 
the  high  school  at  Azusa,  California,  is  explained  and  the  constitution  of  the  Welfare 
Council  is  given.   The  plan  appears  to  have  been  a  decided  success. 

Lewis,  William  D,  "Student  participators  in  school  organization  and 
government  as  a  training  in  democracy."  Third  Yearbook  of  the 
National  Association  of  Secondary  School  Principals.  Published  by 
the  Association,  1920,  p.  1-9. 

This  is  a  strong  plea  that  high-school  students  be  trained  in  responsibility, 
democracy  and  citizenship. 

Lowe,  Boutelle  E.  "Student  government  in  our  high  schools,"  School 
and  Society,  22:556-57,  October  31,  1925. 

The  writer  states  that,  although  almost  all  pupils'  self-government  plans  have 
been  abandoned,  such  a  system  is  a  success  in  the  Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  High 
School.   A  short  outline  of  the  form  of  organization  therein  is  given. 

M.-^RTiN,  A.  G.  "Socializing  the  school  thru  advisory  group  activities," 
Atlanta  High  School  Journal,  3:1-3,  December,  1924. 

This  discusses  the  development  of  citizenship  in  the  junior  high  school  by  means 
of  participation  in  school  and  community  activities. 

Mayberry,  Burt  A.  "Training  for  leadership  by  means  of  student  gov- 
ernment," Journal  of  the  National  Education  Association,  14:186, 
June,  1925.' 

The  writer  shows  in  brief  how  the  participation  of  students  in  the  government 
of  the  Lincoln  High  School  of  Kansas  City  helps  train  them  for  leadership. 

O'Brien,  Leslie  J.  "Student  government  at  Crane,"  Chicago  Schools 
Journal,  5:367-69,  May,  1923. 

The  student  government  at  Crane  Technical  High  School.  Chicago,  has  three 
main  departments  dealing  with  deportment,  attendance  and  activities,  respectively. 
A  brief  description  of  the  work  of  each  department  is  given. 

Parmenter,  Ethel  M.  "Student  council  big  feature  at  E.  Tech," 
School  Topics,  7:1,  4,  March  11,  1925. 

The  writer  states  that  self-government  has  eliminated  many  of  the  worst  troubles 
of  the  East  Technical  High  School  of  Cleveland.  A  brief  outline  of  the  organization 
of  the  system  and  the  activities  performed  is  given. 

Parmenter,   Ethel  M.    "Student  government:     a    project    method," 

School  Review,  33:115-25,  February,  1925. 

East  Technical  High  School  of  Cleveland  developed  a  student  organization  which 
took  in  charge  mucli  of  the  control  of  the  students  and  worked  out  numerous  projects 
for  the  school. 

[25] 


Paul,  Francis  H,  J.  "The  growth  of  character  through  participation 
in  extra-curriculum  activities,"  Bulletin  of  High  Points,  4:3-8, 
November,  1922. 

This  is  largely  a  theoretical  discussion,  illustrated  with  concrete  examples,  of  the 
topic  indicated  by  the  title.  It  especially  emphasizes  that  activities  other  than  athletics 
are  worth  while. 

Paul,  Francis  H.  J.    "Student  organization  and  the  development  of 

character."    N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  60.    Washington:  National 

Education  Association,  1922,  p.  1273-79. 

This  is  a  very  suggestive  article  on  extra-curricular  activities  based  upon  the 
program  of  a  high  school  whose  name  is  withheld.  The  purposes,  groups,  organization, 
motives,  and  finances  are  briefly  discussed. 

Peterson,  Alice.  "The  Dundee  School  Improvement  Club."  First 
Yearbook,  Department  Elementary  School  Principals.  Washing- 
ton: National  Education  Association,  1922,  p.  123-26. 

An  outline  is  given  of  a  plan  used  in  the  Dundee  Elementary  School  of  Omaha 
to  enlist  pupil's  interest  in  school  and  civic  Improvement,  to  teach  them  business  and 
parliamentary  procedures  and  to  train  them  to  take  responsibilities. 

Pickell,  Frank  G.   "Training  for  citizenship  through  practice,"  School 

Review,  28:518-28,  September,  1920. 

Student  participation  in  school  government  is  recommended  as  a  means  of  training 
in  citizenship.  The  constitution  of  the  student  council  of  the  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  High 
School  is  given  together  with  some  principles  necessary  for  making  student  government 
a  success. 

Power,  Nellie  G.   "Pupil  government  in  the  Monroe  school,"  Chicago 

Schools  Journal,  8:27,  September,  1925. 

This  article  describes  In  a  page  the  pupil  government  existing  In  the  Monroe 
Elementary  School  of  Chicago. 

Raubicheck,  Letitia.   "Personality  character  work  at  Julia  Richman," 

Bulletin  of  High  Points,  5:15-18,  May,  1923. 

In  one  of  the  high  schools  of  New  York  City  an  organization  of  teachers  and 
students  was  formed  to  improve  the  habits  of  the  girls  along  such  lines  as  dress, 
punctuality,  politeness,  self-reliance,  responsibility,  and  so  forth,  and  to  develop  higher 
principles  of  conduct.    In  connection  with  the  plan,  a  personality  mark  Is  given. 

RuGG,  Earl.  "Applied  citizenship,"  School  and  Society,  19:90-94,  Jan- 
uary 26,  1924. 

By  comparing  the  government  and  the  choosing  of  leaders  In  schools  with  the 
efficiency  of  adults  In  the  same  tasks,  Mr.  Rugg  shows  that  students  often  use  better 
judgment  than  do  adults  In  civic  and  political  life.  The  article  contains  numerous 
illustrations. 

Sackett,  S.  F.  "An  experiment  in  high  school  democracy,"  Educational 
Review,  67:262-65,  May,  1924. 

This  is  an  account  of  the  adoption  of  a  self-government  constitution  in  a  high 
school  and  of  some  of  the  results  which  followed. 

[26] 


Satchell,  J.  Kenneth.    "Student  participation  in  school  administra- 
tion," School  Review,  30:733-41,  December,  1922. 

A  questionnaire  study  was  made  of  student  participation  in  one  hundred  and 
iifty  of  the  high  schools  of  Pennsylvania.  Data  were  gathered  as  to  the  form  of  organi- 
zation, its  length  of  existence,  the  part  played  in  the  life  of  the  school,  why  student 
participation  has  been  done  away  with  in  some  schools  and  other  related  questions. 
Three  main  types  of  organization  are  described. 

Slappey,  Geo.  H.    "Student  government,  a  social  science  project,"  At- 
lanta High  School  Journal,  3:6-7,  April  1,  1925. 

The  Daniel  O'Keefe  Junior  High  School  of  Atlanta  has  a  fairly  elaborate  system 
of  pupil  government.   This  system  and  its  workings  are  outlined  briefly. 

Sleezer,  Margaret  M.   "Student  citizenship  at  the  Senn  High  School," 
School  Review,  32:508-20,  September,  1924. 

In  the  Senn  High  School  of  Chicago  there  is  an  organized  system  of  student 
government.  This  is  not  merely  for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  discipline,  but  for  the 
control  of  all  student  activities.  The  working  of  the  system  is  explained  and  concrete 
examples  given. 

Stahl,  Frank  W.    "An  experiment  in  pupil  self-government,"  School 
Review,  29:530-33,  September,  1921. 

This  describes  an  experiment  in  pupil's  self-government  in  the  Bowen  High  School 
of  Chicago.  The  principal  reports  that  although  he  thought  the  plan  was  moving  in 
the  right  direction  he  discontinued  it  because  the  movement  was  too  slow. 

Stone,  Genevieve  L.   "An  experiment  in  democracy,"  Journal  of  Edu- 
cational Method,  2:253-58,  February,  1923. 

The  pupil  government  plan  in  force  in  the  Brewer  Elementary  School  of  Minne- 
apolis is  described  and  a  number  of  examples  of  its  working  given. 

Taylor,  Josiah  W.    "The  school  community  plan  for  pupil  activities," 
High  School  Quarterly,  12:128-29,  January,  1924. 

This  is  a  sketch  of  a  plan  for  organizing  the  student  body  for  the  purpose  of 
training  in  citizenship.   The  plan  appears  to  be  in  use  in  Augusta,  Maine. 

Thompson,  Eugene.    "The  teacher  as  judge,"  The  Journal  of  the  Na- 
tional Education  Association,  13:199-200,  June,  1924. 

This  suggests  that  student  offenses  may  be  handled  according  to  judicial  pro- 
cedure with  both  pupils  and  teachers  taking  part. 

Titterington,  Anne  M.    "Our  young  citizens,"  Child-Welfare  Maga- 
zine, 19:593-95,  July,  1925. 

The  writer  describes  a  Fifth-Grade  Improvement  Association,  an  elementary 
school  plan  of  teaching  citizenship  through  pupil  participation  and  a  Junior  Republic 
in  a  girl's  trade  school.   All  appear  to  be  in  Kansas  City,  Missouri. 

[27] 


Wiley,  Will  E.  "Organization  of  extra-curricular  activities  as  a  device 
for  training  in  citizenship,"  School  Review,  33:62-66,  January, 
1925. 

This  article  gives  an  account  of  what  has  been  done  at  The  Dalles,  Oregon.  A 
system  of  student  government  which  had  control  of  extra-curricular  activities  was 
organized. 

Wilson,  Hannah  B.  "Student  government  in  commercial  high  school," 
Atlanta  High  School  Journal,  17:2-4,  February  5,  1923. 

An  outline  of  the  form  of  government  and  its  activities  is  given  with  a  brief  de- 
scription of  certain  more  or  less  affiliated  organizations. 

"Behavior  Council  at  the  Gordon  School,"  Elementary  School  Journal, 
24:327-28,  January,  1924. 

This  is  a  description  of  student  participation  in  disciplinar\'  matters  of  the  Gordon 
Elementary-  School,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

"An  example  of  self-government,"  School  Life,  6:6,  February  15,  192L 

A  ven,'  brief  account  of  self-government  by  pupils  in  an  elementary  school  of 
Brooklyn.   The  organization  takes  the  form  of  a  state  government. 

"Self-government  in  schools,"  New  Era,  2:155-81,  April,  1921. 

This  is  a  collection  by  about  a  dozen  different  persons  of  short  discussions  of  pupil 
self-government.  Most  of  the  material  deals  with  conditions  in  Great  Britain,  although, 
some  is  drawn  from  other  countries.  The  discussion  is  both  theoretical  and  concrete, 
historical  and  modern. 

"Self-government:  a  phase  of  intermediate  school  socialization,"  Detroit 

Educational  Bulletin,  4:3-4,  February,  1921. 

This  is  a  brief  argument  for  the  importance  of  self-government  in  intermediate 
schools,  followed  by  a  few  suggestions  as  to  its  operation. 

"The  school  government  plan,"  Elementary  School  Journal,  24:571-72, 

April,  1924. 

This  article  contains  two  descriptions  of  a  civic  club  in  the  sixth  grade  of  the 
Waltham,  Massachusetts,  School.    Committees  took  charge  of  eight  different  activities. 

PART  5.    CLUBS  AND  SOCIETIES 

Craig,  Marjorie.    "Club  activities  at  Roanoke  Rapids,"  High  School 

Journal,  7:71-72,  March,  1924. 

The  activities  of  the  fairly  numerous  clubs  in  the  Roanoke  Rapids,  North  Caro- 
lina, High  School  are  described. 

Crowley,  James  A.  "The  socialization  of  the  school  program.  H.  Ex- 
tra-curricular activities,"  Journal  of  Educational  Method,  3:418-26, 
June,  1924. 

This  article  relates  what  is  being  done  in  the  John  Winthrop  School  at  Dorchester, 
Massachusetts.  The  activities  of  each  of  a  number  of  clubs  are  outlined,  and  some  dis- 
cussion of  results  given. 

.  [28] 


Goodrich,  T,  V.,  and  Clements,  S.  L.  "A  comparison  of  a  group  of 
high  school  'failures'  with  a  group  of  successful  students,"  School 
and  Society,  18:715-20,  December  15,  1923. 

As  a  minor  part  of  the  comparison  referred  to  in  the  title,  a  study  was  made 
of  the  club  membership  of  those  included. 

Hadley,  Theodosia.    "The  relation  of  nature  study  to  boys'  and  girls' 

club  work,"  Nature  Study  Review,  16:54-61,  February,  1920. 

This  points  out  the  values  of  boys'  and  girls'  club  work  and  states  how  nature 
study  may  aid  in  obtaining  many  of  them. 

Heathcote,  D.  J.  "Clubs  in  junior  high  schools,"  Michigan  Education 
Journal,  1 :213-14,  January,  1924. 

This  is  a  short  theoretical  discussion  of  what  clubs  should  be  organized  in  junior 
high  schools,  how  they  should  be  organized,  when  they  should  meet,  and  so  forth. 

Jones,  Gertrude.  "Clubs  in  high  schools,"  American  School  Board 
Journal,  48:57-58,  February,  1924. 

The  writer  of  this  article  discusses  the  kinds  of  clubs  which  may  be  organized  in 
high  schools,  their  values,  the  types  of  control,  the  interests  which  should  be  provided 
for,  and  the  methods  of  doing  so. 

Kendrick,  William  H.  "Boys'  and  girls'  Four  H  clubs  and  the  school." 
N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  59.  Washington:  National  Education 
Association,  1921,  p.  564-66. 

This  article  illustrates  how  seven  activities  of  a  "Four  H"  club  (baseball,  S.  S. 
class,  swimming,  working,  fighting,  eating,  hiking)  contribute  to  the  mental,  physical, 
social  and  religious  development. 

Klein,  Gertrude.    "The   Once-upon-a-Time   Club,"   English  Journal,  ^ 
13:724-26,  December,  1924. 

The  club  referred  to  in  the  title  exists  in  the  South  Philadelphia  High  School 
for  Girls.    Its  purpose  is  social  and  its  programs  informal. 

Lee,   Arthur.    "Literary   societies   in   a    small    high    school,"    English  1^ 
Journal,  13:35-38,  January,  1924. 
The  literary  societies  of  the  Clinton,  Missouri,  High  School  are  described. 

MacKay,  Eunice.  "A  solution  of  the  literary  society  problem,"  North 
Carolina  Teacher,  1:10-11,  September,  1924. 

The  writer  describes  how  the  moribund  literary  societies  in  the  Lincolnton,  North 
Carolina,  High  School  were  reorganized  and  made  effective.  The  reorganization  took 
the  form  of  clubs  representing  the  different  interests  of  the  students. 

Sheehan,  Mary  A.  "Clubs:  a  regular  school  activity,"  High  School 
Journal,  4:132-35.   October,  1921. 

This  discusses  the  system  of  clubs  In  the  Washington  Junior  High  School  of 
Worchester,  New  York.    Several  of  the  sixty-five  clubs  which  exist  there  are  described. 

[29], 


Smith,  Charles  F.,  and  Fretwell,  Elbert  K.   "Horace  Mann  studies 

in  elementary  education.    Clubs  for  young  boys,"  Teachers  College 

Record,  22:12-30,,  January,  1921. 

This  is  a  discussion  of  clubs  for  boys  in  the  elementan^  grades.  Tests  are  sug- 
gested for  those  in  each  grade. 

Stillman,  Mary  A.  "Children's  clubs,"  Popular  Educator,  37:70-71, 
October,  1919. 

This  discusses  the  various  kinds  of  clubs  that  may  be  carried  on  in  connection 
with  the  school  or  encouraged  by  the  school. 

Tho^las-Tindal,  Emma  V.,  and  Myers,  Jessie  Du  Val.  Junior  High 
School  Life,  New  York:  The  Macmillan  Company,  1924,  p.  33-42, 
126-37. 

This  is  a  ver\^  suggestive  discussion  of  activities  in  the  junior  high  school.  It  is 
one  of  the  most  comprehensive  treatments  of  school  clubs. 

Jf    Tunnell,   Barb.ara  M.    "Life   to  the   literary   society,"   High    School 

Quarterly,  12:87-90,  January,  1924. 

The  plan  upon  which  the  literar>'  societies  in  the  LaGrange,  Georgia,  High  School 
operate  is  given.  This  includes  an  outline  of  their  organization,  the  work  done,  and  the 
awards  given. 

"Unifying  the  high  school,"  School  Review,  31:646-47,  November,  1923. 

This  is  a  ver>-  brief  account  of  societies  organized  in  the  Winfield,  Kansas,  High 
School.  The  chief  purpose  of  these  societies  appears  to  be  to  stimulate  competition  in 
various  activities. 

PART  6.   FINANCES 

Albig,  \V.  Espey.    "School  savings  banking  in  the  high  school,"  High 

School  Quarterly,  13  :92-95,  January,  1925. 

Some  statistics  are  given  as  to  the  growth  of  school  savings  in  the  past  few 
years.   The  aim  of  such  work  is  also  discussed. 

Andrews,  Ada  M,  "Systematic  handling  of  school  funds  with  student 
cooperation,"  Proceedings  of  the  High  School  Conference  of  No- 
vember 23,  24  and  25,  1922.  Urbana:  University  of  Illinois,  1923, 
p.  160-62. 

This  describes  the  method  of  handling  school  funds  in  the  Dundee,  Illinois,  High 
School.  A  school  bank  has  been  established  in  which  all  high-school  and  elementary 
school  organizations  and  treasurers  as  well  as  individual  pupils  have  accounts. 

Bacon,  Francis  L.    "The  correlation  of  extra-curricular  activities  with 

the  department  of  business  education,"  School  Review,  30:671-78, 

November,  1922, 

This  gives  an  account  of  what  has  been  done  in  the  Meriden,  Connecticut,  High 
School  along  the  lines  indicated  by  the  title.  Among  the  school  activities  included  were 
the  school  store,  bank,  thrift  service,  cafeteria,  athletic  contests,  concerts,  plays,  publi- 
cations and  all  others  which  involve  financial  operations. 

[30] 


Bowman,  Melvin  E.  "The  school  savings  bank,"  Elementary  School 
Journal,  23:56-67,  September,  1922. 

A  brief  history  of  school  savings  banks  is  given,  followed  by  a  discussion  of  a 
number  of  the  common  features  of  operation  in  different  schools.  Although  no  tabula- 
tions are  reported,  the  article  was  partly  based  upon  a  questionnaire. 

Brown,  Rice  E.  "Financing  high  school  organizations,"  Educational 
Review,  59:153-59,  February,  1920. 

This  article  deals  with  how  to  raise  and  disburse  money  for  the  student  organ- 
izations of  a  school. 

Engelhardt,  N.  L.,  and  Grill,  G.  W.  "Internal  school  accounting  for 
extra-curricular  activities  in  public  schools,"  Teachers  College  Rec- 
ord, 26:753-64,  May,  1925. 

Where  there  are  numerous  student  organizations,  the  author  advocates  having  an 
account  book,  kept  by  a  financial  secretary  in  the  president's  oifice  for  the  record  of 
all  money  received  and  disbursed.  The  money  is  received  at  this  central  office  and 
expended  when  a  disbursing  office  of  an  organization  issues  a  pay-out  bill.  This 
system  develops  public  confidence  in  the  students  who  handle  money  and  proves 
satisfactory  for  the  school  as  a  whole. 

Grimes,  J.  O.  "An  accounting  system  for  the  extra-curricular  activities 
in  the  Ypsilanti  High  School,"  American  Schoolmaster,  18:294-99, 
September,  1925. 

The  situation  in  the  Ypsilanti,  Michigan,  High  School  is  described  and  an  account 
of  the  accounting  system  used  therein  is  given.  Copies  of  the  different  forms  used  are 
included  and  the  duties  of  each  officer  listed. 

JoLLEY,  L.  F.  "An  accounting  system  for  high-school  organizations," 
School  Review,  31:136-42,  February,  1923. 

A  fairly  detailed  explanation  of  a  high-school  organization  accounting  system  is 
given.  The  system  described  is  in  use  In  a  number  of  high  schools,  many  of  which  are 
in  the  state  of  Illinois. 

Jones,  Gertrude.  "Systematizing  the  financial  affairs  of  high  school 
student  organizations,"  School  and  Society,  15:611-12,  June  3, 
1922. 

The  system  of  controlling  the  finances  of  high-school  student  organizations  at 
Lincoln,  Nebraska,  is  briefly  described. 

Klager,  Benjamin.  "School  savings  in  village  or  small  city  schools," 
American  Schoolmaster,  15:265-67,  September,  1922. 

This  is  a  description  of  a  school  savings  plan  used  in  two  school  systems  In 
Michigan. 

ScoTT,  M.  J.,  and  Hill,  C.  W.  "Financial  accounting  in  student  activ- 
ities," School  Review,  32:442-44,  June,  1924. 

This  Is  a  brief  description  of  a  single  consolidated  method  of  handling  the  finances 
of  student  activities.    It  is  in  operation  in  the  Marengo,  Illinois,  High  School. 

[31] 


Wallace,  T.  F.    "Ideals  and  dangers  of  school-savings  banking,"  Ohio 
Teacher,  46:107-08,  November,  1925. 

This  article  is  composed  mostly  of  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  subject,  although 
a  few  data  concerning  it  are  given. 

Wheeler,  W.  H.    "The  financial  administration  of  high  school  student 
activities,"  The  Educator-Journal,  21:268-70,  284,  January,  1921. 
Most  of  the  article  discusses  the  plan  used  in  the  Goshen,  Indiana,  High  School. 

"The  seeds  of  success,"  American  Educational  Digest,  43:157-58,  De- 
cember, 1923. 

This  is  a  short  article  describing  the  spread  of  the  thrift  program  in  schools,  and 
the  interest  taken  in  it  by  bankers. 

PART  7.   HONOR  SOCIETIES 

Masters,  J.  G.   "The  National  High-School  Honor  Society,"  Journal  of 
the  National  Education  x\ssociation,  11:51,  February,  1922. 

This  is  a  brief  statement  of  the  organization  of  the  National  High  School  Honor 
Society,  especially  of  how  members  are  elected. 

Masters,  J.  G.   "National  High  School  Honor  Society,"  School  and  So- 
ciety, 15:115-16,  January  28,  1922. 

This  is  a  brief  explanation  of  the  National  High  School  Honor  Society  and  a 
statement  of  its  status  at  the  time  the  article  was  written. 

Mattfield,  H.  W.,  Jr.    "Some  practical  aspects  of  the  honor  system," 
School  Review,  32:688-93,  November,  1924. 

This  is  almost  entirely  a  theoretical  discussion,  although  concrete  examples  are 
given. 

Miller,  Marie  E.   "The  value  of  honor  societies  in  high  schools,"  High 
School  Teacher,  1:284-86,  291,  October,  1925. 

An  historical  sketch  is  followed  by  a  description  of  the  National  Honorary  Soci- 
eties and  a  discussion  of  results  obtained  from  a  questionnaire  dealing  with  the  promo- 
tion of  scholarship  in  the  high  schools  of  four  states. 

Peters,  Harry  A.    "The  honor  system  in  secondary  schools,"  School 
Review,  32:36-39,  January,  1924. 

This  gives  the  constitution  and  a  brief  discussion  of  the  honor  system  in  the 
University  high  school  of  Cleveland. 

RvNE.'UiSON,  Edward.    "Honor  societies  in  secondary  schools,"  School 

Review,  30:456-66,  June,  1922. 

This  article  contains  brief  accounts  of  various  honor  societies  which  have  been 
organized  in  secondary  schools.  In  addition,  the  National  Honor  Society  of  Secondary 
Schools  is  described  and  a  copy  of  its  constitution  given. 

[32] 


St.  Clair^  Linda.  "The  honor  system  as  used  in  a  Portsmouth  school," 
Virginia  Journal  of  Education,  16:337-39,  April,  1923. 

The  working  of  the  honor  system  in  the  elementary  school  at  Portsmouth,  Vir- 
ginia, is  described.  The  privileges  and  responsibilities  are  listed.  The  writer  believes 
that  the  system  is  very  satisfactor>'. 

Weeks,  Helen,  Heath,  Elizabeth,  and  Luck,  Josephine.  "The  code 
of  honor  for  secondary  schools,"  Virginia  Journal  of  Education, 
18:261-63,  March,  1925. 

Some  general  discussion  of  the  need  for  a  code  of  honor  in  secondary  schools, 
followed  by  the  code  of  manners  by  the  Newport  News,  Virginia,  High  School  and 
the  Outline  of  a  morality  code. 

"Intelligence  quotients  and  honor  society  seniors."  Educational  Re- 
search Bulletin,  Vol.  1,  Nos.  17-18.  Pasadena,  California:  Pasa- 
dena City  Schools,  May  31,  1923,  p.  12. 

This  is  a  very  brief  article  showing  that  the  members  of  the  Honor  Society  in 
the  Pasadena  High  School  are  considerably  above  the  average  in  their  I.  Q.'s. 

"Is  the  honor  society  an  honor  society?"   American  Educational  Digest, 

45:102-03,  November,  1923. 

Some  doubt  is  expressed  as  to  whether  the  average  student  elected  to  an  honor 
society  really  deserves  more  honor  than  the  average  student  not  so  elected.  At  least 
part  of  the  trouble  seems  to  have  been  in  the  lack  of  definite  aims  and  ideals. 

"National  Honor  Society  for  High  Schools,"  American  Educational  Di- 
gest, 43:3-8,  September,  1923. 

The  nature  and  organization  of  the  National  Honor  Society  for  High  Schools  are 
outlined.  Following  this  are  discussions,  both  pro  and  con,  by  a  number  of  high-school 
principals. 

"Some  strong  points  and  some  weaker  points  in  honor  students,"  Amer- 
ican Educational  Digest,  43:354-56,  April,  1924. 

The  results  of  rating  seniors  in  the  Pasadena,  California,  High  School  with  the 
Hughes  Scale  for  Individual  Capacities,  Attitudes  and  Interests  are  given  in  such  a 
way  as  to  compare  honor  students  with  others. 

"A  system  of  honors,"  School  Review,  31:647-48,  November,  1923. 

In  the  Decatur,  Illinois,  High  School,  honors  and  prizes  are  given  to  stimulate 
students,  both  in  scholastic  work  and  extra-curricular  activities.  Examples  of  these 
honors  and  prizes  are  listed. 

PART  8.    PUBLICATIONS 

Anthony,  William.  "Suggestions  on  publishing  the  high  school  an- 
nual," Virginia  Journal  of  Education,  18:312-13,  320,  April,  1925. 

The  suggestions  given  fall  under  the  headings  of  supervision,  organization,  train- 
ing, jokes  and  humor,  selling  the  annual,  selling  the  advertisements,  and  teaching 
thoughtfulness. 

[33] 


B.\RTLETT,  Ruth.  "Can  we  defend  the  high-school  newspaper?"  Eng- 
lish Journal,  14:645-48,  October,  1925. 

This  is  an  argument  for  the  high-school  newspaper,  pointing  out  its  possibilities 
and  values. 

Biggs,  James  A.  '*The  relation  of  high  school  publications  to  a  general 
organization,"  Bulletin  of  High  Points,  5:12-15,  May,  1923. 

This  Is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  relation  of  a  weekly  newspaper,  a  monthly 
magazine  and  an  annual,  to  general  organizations  of  students.  The  advantages  of  having 
such  pubHcations  are  pointed  out. 

Bratton,  Ethel  C.  "A  unique  problem  carried  out  by  elementary- 
school  pupils,"  Elementary  School  Journal,  23:303-06,  December, 
1922. 

This  is  an  account  of  the  preparation  of  a  yearbook  by  the  pupils  of  an  elementary 
school.   The  scheme  of  organization  is  given  in  some  detail. 

Drewery,  John  E,  ''High  school  annuals,"  High  School  Quarterly, 
13:95-98.  January,  1925. 

This  is  a  short  discussion  and  criticism  of  high-school  annuals,  with  suggestions  as 
to  how  they  may  be  improved. 

Edwards,  C.  A.  "The  correlation  of  the  high-school  newspaper  with 
English  work,"  Mrginia  Journal  of  Education,  19:39-42,  October, 
192^5. 

This  is  chiefly  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  subject,  although  a  few  concrete 
examples  are  mentioned.   Reference  is  made  to  several  other  articles  along  the  same  line. 

Fretwell,  Elbert  K.,  and  O'Xeil,  M.arion.  "Extra-curricular  activ- 
ities of  secondary  schools.  School  publications,"  Teachers  College 
Record,  26:59-73,  September,  1924. 

Following  a  general  discussion  of  school  publications  is  an  annotated  bibliography 
dealing  with  high-school  journalism  and  also  a  list  of  books  on  journalism. 

Granville,  Robert.  "The  high-school  paper  as  an  English  project," 
English  Journal,  12:566-68.  October,  1923. 

The  temporary  publication  of  the  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  High  School  paper  by 
the  regular  English  classes  is  described. 

GuiLFOiL,  Kelsey.  "Correlating  the  school  paper  and  English  composi- 
tion," English  Journal,  13:^269-71,  April,  1924. 

This  is  a  theoretical  discussion  along  the  line  indicated  by  the  title. 

Hann.a,  O.   M.    "The   class   newspaper,"   English   Journal,    12:205-07, 
March,  1923. 
This  is  a  brief  outline  of  what  should  be  done  in  publishing  a  class  newspaper. 

[34] 


Kershaw,  William  L.,  and  Carback,  Clarence  Herbert.  "The  high- 
school  student  handbook,"  School  Review,  32:587-97,  October, 
1924. 

This  article  presents  the  results  of  a  study  of  student  handbooks  published  in  a 
number  of  large  high  schools.  The  contents  of  such  books  are  listed  in  detail,  and  such 
matters  as  preparation,  price,  financing,  usefulness,  and  so  forth,  are  discussed. 

KiNGSBOROUGH,  Hazel.  "A  newspaper  in  the  primary  school,"  Journal 
of  Educational  Alethod,  1:117-24,  November,  1921. 

This  gives  an  account  of  a  project  carried  out  in  the  3A  Class  of  a  Cleveland 
Heights  elementary'  school.  A  detailed  outline  is  given  of  the  planning  and  execution  of 
the  project,  also  of  the  results.  In  addition,  several  pages  of  excerpts  from  the  paper 
are  included. 

Lewin,  William.    "The  business  of  running  a  school  paper."  English 

Journal,  11:8-13,  January,  1922, 

The  system  of  running  the  school  paper  in  the  Central  High  School  of  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  is  described.  Special  attention  is  given  to  outlining  the  duties  of  each 
member  of  the  editorial  staff. 

McKowN,  Harry  C.  "The  high-school  handbook,"  School  Review, 
32:667-81,  November,  1924. 

This  presents  the  results  of  analyzing  more  than  one  hundred  high-school  hand- 
books. The  material  contained  is  listed  in  detail.  A  suggested  plan  of  organizing  such 
a  book  is  given  and  a  general  description  and  discussion  of  several  important  features 
are  included. 

NixoN,  O.  F.    "The  cost  and  financing  of  student  publications."  School 

Review,  31:204-12,  March,  1923. 

This  article  summarizes  the  returns  from  a  questionnaire  filled  out  by  more  than 
two  hundred  North  Central  Association  high  schools.  Data  are  given  as  to  the  numbers 
and  types  of  publications,  their  cost  and  the  sources  of  receipts. 

NixoN,  O.  F.  "Student  publications  In  high  schools,"  American  School 
Board  Journal,  67:45-47,  128,  December,  1923. 

This  article  is  based  upon  questionnaire  returns  from  over  two  hundred  of  the 
largest  North  Central  Association  high  schools.  The  purposes  of  the  publications,  how 
well  they  are  realized,  the  scholastic  requirements  of  students  on  the  staff,  the  amount 
of  faculty  supervision,  the  relations  with  business  men,  and  the  opinions  of  the  prin- 
cipals as  to  the  worthwhileness  of  the  publications  are  given. 

Powell,  O.  B.  "An  economical  school  paper,"  Peabody  Journal  of  Ed- 
ucation, 3:46-49,  July,  1925. 

This  describes  the  production  of  the  school  paper  at  Jacksboro,  Texas.  A  mimeo- 
graphed bulletin  prepared  almost  entirely  by  pupils  is  published. 

Ragan,  Louise.  "The  future  of  the  high  school  newspaper,"  Educator- 
Journal,  23:394-96,  May,  1923. 

The  writer  of  this  article  comments  on  soma  of  the  present  tendencies  in  high- 
school  newspapers  and  concludes  that  they  are  favorable. 

[35] 


Rand,  Helen.    "Impressions  of  many  annuals,"  Illinois  Association  of 
Teachers  of  English  Bulletin,  16:1-8,  December  1,  1923. 

In  addition  to  what  is  indicated  by  tlie  title,  a  number  of  suggestions  are  given 
as  to  how  to  prepare  annuals.  Most  of  the  article  deals  with  a  study  of  eighty-one 
annuals,  concerning  which  a  number  of  facts  are  tabulated  and  many  comments  made. 

Reavis,  W.  C.    "Student  publications  in  high  schools,"  School  Review, 
30:514-20,  September,  1922. 

This  contains  a  brief  discussion  of  the  major  problems  involved  in  publishing  high- 
school  papers,  an  evaluation  of  their  functions,  and  a  description  of  the  kinds  of  pub- 
lications generally  found.    Newspapers,  annuals  and  other  types  are  included. 

Ryan,  Cl.ara  M.    "A  project  in  high-school  journalism,"  English  Jour- 
nal, 13:129-30,  February,  1924. 

This  describes  the  Freeport.  Illinois,  High  School  plan  by  which  the  city  daily 
paper  regularly  gives  space  to  high-school  news  instead  of  the  school  having  a  paper  of 
its  own.    In  addition  to  this,  an  annual  is  published. 

Sherwood,  H.  N.   "The  value  of  high  school  publications,"  Educational 
Review,  67:20-21,  January,  1924. 

This  article  presents  several  reasons  why  high-school  publications  are  valuable  and 
gives  a  few  facts  concerning  such  publications  in  the  state  of  Indiana.  There  are  also 
a  few  suggestions  as  to  the  best  procedure. 

Sleezer.  Margaret  M.    "A  truly  democratic   school   paper,"   English 
Journal,  10:193-200,  April,  1921. 

A  fairly  detailed  account  is  given  of  how  students  prepared  and  published  a 
school  paper.     Much  of  the  preparation  was  done  as  part  of  the  regular  class  work. 

Smith,  J.  W.    "Values  of  a  school  paper  for  the  junior  high  school," 
High  School  Teacher,  1:8-9,  February,  1925. 

An  account  is  given  of  the  monthly  magazine  issued  in  the  Lincoln  Junior  High 
School  of  Youngstown,  Ohio.  The  principal  believes  that  the  issuing  of  this  publication 
is  of  great  value  to  the  pupils. 

Thalheimer,   Joseph    Albrecht.     "School    publications,"    Education, 
44:429-36,  March,  1924. 

This  is  a  theoretical  discussion  of  the  production  of  school  publications,  including 
both  an  outline  of  the  staff  required  and  some  suggestions  as  to  the  details  of  publica- 
tion.   Practically  all  that  is  said  has  to  do  with  weekly  newspapers. 


PART  9.    SOCIAL  LIFE 

Br.adshaw,  C.  R.   "Social  life  and  leadership  in  the  junior  high  school," 
High  School  Teacher,  1:191-200,  June,  1925. 

The   writer  discusses   the   development   of   athletic    interests    and    social   activities 
among  junior  high-school  pupils. 

[36] 


Hayes^  Harriet.  "The  social  life  of  the  high  school  and  some  of  its 
problems."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  61.  Washington:  National 
Education  Association,  1923,  p.  873-78. 

The  author  of  this  article  presents  a  theory  of  social  events,  and  some  prin- 
ciples to  be  observed.  Perhaps  the  best  part  of  the  report  is  the  account  of  how  socials 
are  conducted  in  Berkeley,  California,  and  of  how  another  school  supervises  the  high- 
school  dances. 

Jones,  Gertrude,  "Parties  as  projects  in  instruction  in  high  schools," 
School  and  Society,  17:696-97,  June  23,  1923. 

The  attitude  is  taken  that  parties  should  be  utilized  as  means  of  instruction. 
Their  planning  by  student  committees  and  faculty  sponsors  is  discussed;  also  the 
number  and  frequency  of  such  parties. 

Lewis,  Grace  T.  "An  'Every  Girl'  Supper,"  School  Review,  32:134-41, 
February,  1924. 

In  the  Mt.  Vernon,  New  York,  High  School,  an  eflort  was  made  to  increase 
school  spirit  and  loyalty,  and  to  foster  desirable  characteristics.  An  "Every  Girl" 
Supper  was  found  effective  for  these  purposes.  A  rather  detailed  account  of  how  the 
supper  was  planned  and  given  is  contained  in  the  article. 

Masters^  J.  G.  "Place  of  social  affairs  in  the  high  school."  Seventh 
Yearbook  of  the  National  Association  of  Secondary  School  Prin- 
cipals.  Published  by  the  Association,  1923,  p.  71-75. 

This  is  a  discussion  of  the  social  activities  of  high  schools.  The  author  consulted 
fifty  principals  for  their  opinions  and  gives  six  conclusions  concerning  the  administration 
and  supervision  of  high-school  socials. 

PicKELL^  Frank  G.  "The  place  of  social  affairs  in  the  high  school." 
Proceedings  of  the  Third  Annual  Educational  Conference.  Ohio 
State  University  Bulletin,  Vol.  28,  No.  2.  Columbus,  Ohio:  Ohio 
State  University,  1923,  p.  154-57. 

This  upholds  the  viewpoint  that  there  should  be  a  definite  high-school  social  pro- 
gram and  outlines  some  of  the  conditions  under  which  such  a  program  should  operate. 

Pound,  Olivia.  "The  social  problems  of  high  school  girls  and  how  to 
meet  them,"  School  and  Society,  19:584-86,  May  17,  1924. 

This  relates  what  Is  being  done  in  the  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  High  School,  In  regard 
to  the  social  life  of  the  students.  School  parties,  entertainments,  girls'  dress,  and  so 
forth,  are  discussed. 

Power,  Caroline.  "The  social  program  for  the  unsocial  high-school 
girl,"  School  Review,  32:773-78,  December,  1924. 

This  is  an  account  of  what  has  been  done  In  the  San  Rafael,  California.  High 
School  along  the  lines  indicated  by  the  title.  A  supervised  social  program  has  been 
worked  out,  having  for  one  of  its  purposes  the  participation  of  unsocial  girls. 

[37] 


Reiff,  Cecil  K.  "Social  life  of  pupils."  Seventh  Yearbook  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Secondary-School  Principals.  Published  by 
the  Association,  1923,  p.  48-53. 

This  study  is  based  upon  information  from  three  sources,  high-school  principals, 
patrons  and  a  survey  of  high-school  students  in  Muskogee  County  and  City,  Oklahoma. 
The  scope  and  objectives  of  activities  are  discussed  with  reference  to  the  seven  cardinal 
principles  of  secondary  education.    Many  practical  suggestions  are  made. 

Smeed,  Harold.  "The  dance  and  the  high  school  party,"  Educator- 
Journal,  23:528-29,  July,  1923. 

This  is  an  argument  in  support  of  the  viewpoint  that  successful  social  functions 
for  older  high-school  students  can  be  held  without  dancing. 


PART  10.    MISCELLANEOUS 

Barr,  Arvil  S.    "What  the  public  schools  might  learn  from  specialized 

work  with  boys,"  School  and  Home  Education,  40:107-08,  January, 

February,  1921, 

This  is  a  plea  for  the  specializing  and  socializing  of  education  and  the  including 
of  social  activities  in  the  school  curriculum. 

Bridston,  Olga  Albertixe.  "When  teacher  and  girl  scout  pull  to- 
gether," Normal  Instructor  and  Primary  Plans,  33:31-32,  88-90, 
October,  1924. 

This  article  describes  how  the  girl  scouts'  program  was  correlated  with  the  regu- 
lar work  of  the  junior  high  school  of  the  State  Normal  Training  College  at  Dillon. 
Montana.  The  writer  goes  into  some  detail  as  to  just  what  activities  were  carried  on 
and  how  they  were  managed. 

Bullowa,  a.  i\I.    "Pantomime:   its  use  in  the  high  school,"  Quarterly 

Journal  of  Speech  Education,  7:213-20,  June,  1921. 

The  author  advocates  presenting  in  pantomime  familiar  stories  and  Mother  Goose 
rhymes  as  a  means  of  better  "understanding  the  thought  which  words  convey"  and 
believes  that  this  ability  will  carry  over  into  content  subjects  of  the  high  school. 

Edson,  Andres  W.    "Co-operation  of  the  public  schools  with  the  boy 

scout  movement,"  Journal  of  Education,  89:454-55,  April  24,  1919. 

The  writer  of  this  article  presents  an  argument  for  the  cooperation  of  the  schools 
with  the  boy  scout  movement.    He  concludes  with  five  definite  suggestions. 

Galloway,  T.  W.  "Curricular  and  extra-curricular  aspects  of  sex-socia! 
training  in  high  schools."  Seventh  Yearbook  of  the  National  Asso- 
ciation of  Secondary  School  Principals.  Published  by  the  Associa- 
tion, 1923,  p.  22-26. 

This  article  deals  with  the  problem  of  directing  extra-curricular  activities  in  such 
ways  as  will  develop  the  best  intellectual  and  emotional  responses  concerning  sex. 
Actual   situations  are  discussed. 

[38] 


Hallock,  Grace  T.   Dramatizing  Child  Health.   New  York:  American 

Child  Health  Association,  1925.   306  p. 

This  is  '"a  new  book  of  health  plays,  with  chapters  on  the  writing,  the  producing, 
and  the  educational  value  of  dramatics."'    Written  especially  for  grade  children. 

Hosic,  James  F.  "Recreational  reading  as  part  of  the  present-day  cur- 
riculum— Abstract."  X.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  \'ol.  61.  Washington: 
National  Education  Association,  1923,  p.  724-25. 

A  brief  argument  for  the  inclusion  of  reading  among  the  extra-curricular  activities 
of  the  school. 

Ittner,  William  B.  "School  architecture  that  encourages  wider  use." 
N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  60.  Washington:  National  Education 
Association,  1922,  p.  1482-84. 

School  buildings  may  be  built  to  facilitate  activities  by  including  gymnasiums, 
auditoriums,  pools  and  rooms  for  recreation. 

Krackowizer,  Alice  M.  "Montana,  the  land  of  the  shining  mountains: 
a  pageant,"  Journal  of  Educational  Method,  2:120-26,  November, 
1922. 

The  pageant  referred  to  in  the  title  was  given  by  Grades  I  to  \T  and  the  junior 
high  school  of  Lewistown,  Montana.  A  fairly  detailed  plan  of  the  preparation  is  given, 
followed  by  a  synopsis  of  the  pageant  itself. 

Price,  James  F.  "The  organization  and  conduct  of  a  school  orchestra — 
Abstract."  N.  E.  A.  Proceedings,  Vol.  62.  Washington:  National 
Education  Association,  1924,  p.  603. 

Brief  suggestions  concerning  the  organizing  of  an  orchestra  in  schools. 

Ramsey,  H.  D.   "Scouting  in  the  public  schools,"  Journal  of  Education, 

91:540-42,  May  13,  1920. 

This  article  tells  of  the  boys'  and  girls'  scout  work  as  carried  on  in  the  Fort  Scott 
public  schools  in  Kansas. 

Whitemire,  Laura  G.  "The  class  play,"  Quarterly  Journal  of  Speech 
Education,  7:139-48,  April  1,  1921. 

This  article  deals  with  the  selection  of  a  play  and  cast,  and  the  rehearsing  and 
production  of  a  class  play  in  high  schools.    Many  practical  suggestions  are  given. 

"Announcement  of  the  twelfth  annual  all-Kansas  music  competition." 

Bulletin  of  Information,  No.  18.    Emporia,  Kansas:  Kansas  State 

Teachers  College,  1924.  71  p. 

This  contains  the  announcement  of  the  Twelfth  Annua!  Music  Competition,  and  a 
detailed  report  of  the  eleventh  one. 

Annual  Report  of  the  Public  Schools,  Harrisburg,   1920.    Harrlsburg: 

Board  of  School  Directors,  1920,  p.  62-63,  83-85. 

This  contains  a  list  of  numerous  literary  and  oratorical  contests  with  prizes 
offered  in  the  Harrisburg  schools. 

[39] 


I 


"Educational  excursions  by  senior  high  students,"  Atlanta  High  School 

Journal,  2:5-6,  March  15,  1924. 

A  list  of  the  places  visited  by  senior  high-school  students  in  Atlanta,  Georgia,  and 
the  number  of  students  visiting  each  is  given. 

"Improving  high  school  commencements,"  American  Educational  Di- 
gest, 43:339-41,  366,  368,  April,  1924. 

A  summary  of  practices  and  suggestions  from  almost  twenty-five  hundred  edu- 
cators is  given,  with  quotations  from  a  number.  Data  are  included  as  to  kinds  of  pro- 
grams, the  length  of  exercises,  costs,  and  so  forth. 


[40] 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


3  0112  0700715 


